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Science > Watersheds/Water Quality > Flashcards

Watersheds/Water Quality Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What category do Animals belong to? (Abiotic, or Biotic)

A

Biotic

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2
Q

What category does Soil belong to? (Abiotic, or Biotic)

A

Abiotic

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3
Q

What does Abiotic mean?

A

Nonliving things in an environment

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4
Q

What does Biotic mean?

A

Living or once living things in an environment

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5
Q

What determines an ecosystem type?

A

Abiotic Factors, Distribution to plants and people, and the usage of land.

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6
Q

What do Abiotic Factors include?

A

Water supply, Topography, landforms, geology, soils, sunlight and air quality, and oxygen availability.

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7
Q

The _______ of an ecosystem is directly related to the water quality.

A

Health

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8
Q

_______ _______ describes the condition of the water including chemical, physical, and biological characteristics.

A

Water Quality

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9
Q

We determine water quality by how much water is useful for drinking, ______, cleaning, or swimming.

A

Cooking

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10
Q

_______ from rain or groundwater in aquifers picks up the “characteristics” of the land area it travels across or through.

A

Runoff

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11
Q

If the land area is polluted, those pollutants are moved by the water through the _______

A

Ecosystems

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12
Q

What is a Watershed?

A

A Watershed is an area of land that drains all the streams and rainfall to a common outlet such as the outflow of a reservoir, mouth of a bay, or any point along a stream channel.

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13
Q

Where are watersheds?

A

In mountains, cities, forests, farms, anywhere where there is land.

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14
Q

What makes up a river system?

A

A river and all its tributaries.

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15
Q

What are tributaries?

A

Smaller streams and rivers that feed into a main river.

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16
Q

Why do tributaries flow toward the main river following a downhill path?

A

The pull of gravity.

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17
Q

Why do we need to take care of our watersheds?

A

So that the water that runs off the land leads to clean water too.

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18
Q

What is an example of a divide?

A

Hills or Mountains

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19
Q

Why does the water that flows off the land end up in different rivers and streams?

A

Because streams and rivers on each side of each side of the divide flow in different directions.

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20
Q

How many watersheds does VA (Virginia) have?

A

14 Watersheds in total.

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21
Q

What are the 3 watersheds near us called?

A

Chesapeake Bay watershed
James River watershed
York River watershed

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22
Q

What watershed are we part of?

A

The Chesapeake Bay watershed. (And Chesapeake Bay Coastal)

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23
Q

How many main bodies of water do watershed systems lead to in VA?

A

3

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24
Q

What 3 main bodies of water does watershed systems lead to in VA?

A

Chesapeake Bay (then Atlantic Ocean)
The North Carolina Sound
The Gulf Of Mexico

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25
Q

What depends on where the water divides?

A

Where the water leads.

26
Q

What is a wetland?

A

An area of land that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some or all of the year.

27
Q

Wetlands form in places where _____ is trapped in low areas or where groundwater seeps onto the surface of land.

A

Water

28
Q

The _____ of wetlands can be very small or very large. (covers thousands of square miles)

A

Size

29
Q

Some wetlands fill up with water during the _____ and can dry up during the Summer.

A

Spring

30
Q

Some wetlands can be covered with water all _____ round.

A

Year

31
Q

What are marshes?

A

Grassy areas covered by a shallow layer or stream of water.

32
Q

What do marshes contain?

A

Cattails, Rushes, Tule, and other tall grass-like plants.

33
Q

What are swamps?

A

look like a flooded forest, with trees and shrubs growing in the water.

34
Q

Where are most swamps located?

A

South, in the warm, humid climate.

35
Q

What are bogs?

A

found in cooler, northern states, form in depressions left by melting ice sheets.

36
Q

Water is usually ______ and contains many mosses.

A

Acidic

37
Q

What do Coastal Wetlands usually contain?

A

Both fresh, and salt water.

38
Q

What are Salt Marshes?

A

are found along both coasts of the U.S. Contain tall, strong grasses the grow in a rich muddy bottom.

39
Q

What are mangrove forests?

A

are found along the central and southern coasts of Florida. Contain short trees with thick roots.

40
Q

Wetlands provide ______ for many living things because of its sheltered waters and rich supply of nutrients.

A

Habitats.

41
Q

______-_______ residents of wetlands include: frogs, salamanders, turtles, racoons, muskrats, birds, and many insects.

A

Year-Round

42
Q

Temporary residents include Ducks, _____ and other waterfowl.

A

Geese

43
Q

These animals stop at wetlands on their way to or from their ______ homes.

A

Winter

44
Q

Before the _______’s many farmers thought of wetlands as a _______.

A

1970’s
“Wasteland”

45
Q

They would drain and fill in wetlands to make ________

A

Farmlands

46
Q

Why are wetlands important?

A

-Provide natural water filtration (waste material filter out)
-Traps silt and mud
-control flooding by absorbing extra runoff from heavy rains

47
Q

Water is the key to these wetlands in _______

A

Florida

48
Q

The _______ provide habitats for many rare or endangered species.

A

Everglades

49
Q

Nearby farming has introduced harmful ______ to the Everglades.

A

Chemicals

50
Q

Building roads and homes has also been ______

A

Harmful

51
Q

A new threat has developed _______ (People releasing pets that have gotten too big!)

A

Pythons

52
Q

What is an estuary?

A

An estuary is where a river meets the sea.

53
Q

Many _____ and ______ species thrive in estuaries.

A

Plant
Animal

54
Q

Estuaries are good places to build _______

A

Communities

55
Q

Estuaries have been _______

A

Overfished

56
Q

The Chesapeake Bay is an estuary where fresh and _______ meet and are mixed by sides.

A

Saltwater

57
Q

Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the _______ United States and one of the most productive

A

Contiguous

58
Q

What is the pH?

A

The measure of how Acidic or basic the substance (water) is.

59
Q

What is the salinity?

A

The amount of dissolved salts in the water.

60
Q

What is the Turbidity?

A

The clarity (how clear it looks) of the water.

61
Q

What is Coliform?

A

The bacteria found in the water (environment)

Science (1 decks)

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