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Nutrition > Water Soluble Vitamins > Flashcards

Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards

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1
Q

Thiamine (B1) function

A

Decarboxylation and transketolation

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2
Q

Types of hiamine (B1) deficiency

A

Beri-beri, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

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3
Q

Thiamine (B1) deficieny: Wet beri-beri

A

High output heart failure

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4
Q

Thiamine (B1) deficieny: Dry beri-beri

A

Peripheral nerve disorder (pain, paresthesias, loss of reflexes), often legs

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5
Q

Thiamine (B1) deficiency:

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

A

CNS involvement (amnesia, impaired learning, confusion, nystagmus)

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6
Q

Thiamine (B1) deficiency labs

A

Transketolase activity >15-20%

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7
Q

Thiamine (B1) deficiency treatment

A

IV thiamine

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8
Q

Riboflavin (B2) function

A

Cytochrome p450, NAD

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9
Q

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency symptoms

A

Glossitis, angular stomatitis, dermatitis, corneal vascularization

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10
Q

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency labs

A

Urine, serum, erythrocyte glutathione reductase

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11
Q

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency treatment

A

Food with riboflavin (yellow food!)

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12
Q

Niacin (B3) function

A

NAD and NADP

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13
Q

Niacin (B3) deficiency symptoms

A

Pellagra - triple D: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia (can result in death)

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14
Q

Niacin (B3) deficiency labs

A

Urine, serum, NAD/NADP

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15
Q

Niacin (B3) deficiency treatment

A

Oral niacin

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16
Q

Niacin (B3) toxicity

A

Flushing, GI symptoms, hyperglycemia, gout, elevated LFTs

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17
Q

Pyroxidine (B6) function

A

Aminotransferase, heme synthesis

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18
Q

Pyroxidine (B6) deficiency causes

A

Med interactions: isonazid, cycloserine, penicillamine, contraceptives

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19
Q

Pyroxidine (B6) deficiency symptoms

A

Severe: peripheral neuropathy, anemia, seizures

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20
Q

Pyroxidine (B6) deficiency labs

A

Pyridoxal phosphate

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21
Q

Pyroxidine (B6) deficiency treatment

A

Pyroxidine (B6) supplements

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22
Q

Pyroxidine (B6) toxicity

A

Potentially irreversible peripheral neuropathy

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23
Q

Cyanocobalamin (B12) function

Study These Flashcards
A

1-C metabolism: DNA replication, erythropoiesis, SAM synthesis

24
Q

Cyanocobalamin (B12) deficiency causes

Study These Flashcards
A

Vegan diet, decreased GI absorption

25
Cyanocobalamin (B12) deficiency symptoms
Pale, peripheral neuropathy, paresthesias, problems with balance and proprioception, dementia
26
Cyanocobalamin (B12) deficiency labs
Methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine, megaloblastic anemia
27
Cyanocobalamin (B12) deficiency treatment
IM/SQ injections, then oral methylcoblamin
28
Folate (B9) function
1-C metabolism
29
Folate (B9) deficiency causes
Alcoholism, anorexia, inadequate intake, med interference: phenytoin, TMP-SMX, sulfas
30
Folate (B9) deficiency symptoms
Pale, anorexia, glossitis, diarrhea
31
Folate (B9) deficiency labs
Megaloblastic anemia, low folic acid
32
Folate (B9) deficiency treatment
Oral folic acid
33
Pantothenic Acid (B5) function
CoA: synthesizes vitamins A, D, cholesterol, heme, fatty acids, amino acids, proteins
34
Pantothenic Acid (B5) deficiency causes
Rare: famine, war
35
Pantothenic Acid (B5) deficiency symptoms
Paresthesias, dysesthesias "burning feet syndrome"
36
Pantothenic Acid (B5) deficiency labs
Serum B5
37
Pantothenic Acid (B5) deficiency treatment
B5 supplement
38
Biotin (B7) function
Histone modifications
39
Biotin (B7) deficiency causes
Rare: malnourishment, consumption of large amounts of egg whites
40
Biotin (B7) deficiency symptoms
AMS, myalgia, dysesthesias, anorexia, nausea, chronic: maculosquamous dermatitis of extremities
41
Biotin (B7) labs
Serum, urine B7
42
Biotin (B7) deficiency treatment
Biotin (B7) supplement
43
Vitamin C function
Antioxidant, collagen synthesis
44
Vitamin C deficiency causes
Dietary inadequacy
45
Vitamin C deficiency symptoms
Scurvy: bleeding, poor wound healing
46
Vitamin C deficiency labs
Plasma ascorbic acid
47
Vitamin C deficiency treatment
Oral ascorbic acid
48
Vitamin C toxicity
GI irritation, oxalate kidney stones, false negative on fecal occult blood tests or urine glucose
49
Thiamin
B1
50
Riboflavin
B2
51
Niacin
B3
52
Pyroxidine
B6
53
Cyanocobalamin
B12
54
Folate
B9
55
Panthothenic acid
B5
56
Biotin
B7

Nutrition (1 decks)

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