Water Resources & Irrigation

Question 1

Runoff that occurs on land before reaching land is called __________

Answer 1

Overland flow

Question 2

What is watershed?

Answer 2

A land area which produces runoff draining into a common point.

Question 3

Increased runoff increases groundwater recharge. (T/F)

Answer 3

False. Decreases

Question 4

Types of runoff

Answer 4

1. Surface runoff
2. Sub-surface runoff/interflow
3. Base flow/Delayed flow

Question 5

Rainfall contribution to total run-off as calculated by Irrigation commission of India 1972 is _________

Answer 5

115 Mham

Question 6

Total surface run off as calculated by Irrigation commission of India 1972 is _________

Answer 6

180Mham

Question 7

The amount of groundwater storage is greater/lesser than rivers & lakes

Answer 7

Greater

Question 8

Transpiration is fairly constant in areas with abundant rainfall but varies largely in dry areas. (T/F)

Answer 8

True. It varies in dry areas acc to root depth

Question 9

What is an aquifer?

Answer 9

Saturated soil or rock layer with spaces that allow water to move through them.

Question 10

Unconfined aquifers?

Answer 10

Groundwater is in direct contact with atmosphere through the open pore spaces of the overlying rock/soil

Question 11

Water forms ______% of the plant body by green/plant weight basis

Answer 11

90

Question 12

___________% of rainfall in India is received in monsoon season

Answer 12

80

Question 13

Total water budget of India

Answer 13

400 Mham

Question 14

Rainfall below _______ mm is not considered for water budgeting

Answer 14

2.5

Question 15

On an average there are ____________ number of rainy days in our country

Answer 15

130

Question 16

Rain during ___________ days are effective rain in India

Answer 16

75

Question 17

________________ is used to measure water scarcity as per UNDP

Answer 17

Falken mark indicator or Water stress Index

Question 18

What are the levels of water stress according to the Water stress index?

Answer 18

1. <1700 m3 - Water stress
2. <1000 m3 - Water scarcity
3. <500 m3 - Absolute water scarcity

Question 19

Criticality ratio?

Answer 19

Proportion of water withdrawn compared to the water available.

Question 20

Levels of water stress according to criticality ration

Answer 20

Ratio: 20 - 40% —- Water stress
Ratio > 40% —– Severely water stressed

Question 21

Infiltration rate decreases with irrigation. (T/F)

Answer 21

True