Water Purification Practical Flashcards
What is potable water?
water that is safe to drink but not necessarily pure
How do you test for sodium ions?
Use a flame test with a nichrome wire loop and a Bunsen burner
What is the result for test of Sodium Ions?
A bright yellow flame indicates the presence of sodium ions
How do you test for chloride ions?
A white precipitate indicates chloride ions
What happens during distillation?
- Water evaporates, leaving dissolved ions behind.
- Water vapor cools and condenses into liquid.
- Distilled water is collected in a test tube.
How do you confirm water is pure after distillation?
- Flame Test: No yellow flame (no sodium ions).
- Precipitation Test: No white precipitate (no chloride ions).
What equipment is used in the distillation process?
- Conical flask
- Delivery tube (or Liebig condenser)
- Test tube in a beaker of ice
- Tripod and gauze
Bunsen burner
What is the purpose of a Liebig condenser in distillation?
It cools water vapor using a jacket of water, condensing it back into liquid
Why is nitric acid added before silver nitrate in the chloride test?
It prevents other ions from interfering with the test
What forms when silver nitrate reacts with chloride ions?
Silver chloride, a white precipitate, forms
What is the difference between evaporation and distillation?
- Evaporation removes water as vapor but doesn’t collect it.
- Distillation collects the purified water after it condenses.
