Water Pollution/resources Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrological cycle

A

The movement of water in the seas air and on land

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2
Q

Groundwater

A

One of our most important sources of freshwater and a key component of the earths natural capital

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3
Q

Zone of saturation

A

The spaces in soil and rock close to the earths surface hold little moisture

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4
Q

Water table

A

Top of the ground water zone

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5
Q

Aquifers

A

Underground water between layers of sand gravel and bedrock

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6
Q

Surface water

A

The freshwater from precipitation and snow melt that flows across the earths surface that ultimately goes into our oceans

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7
Q

Watershed

A

The land from which surface water drains into a particular river lake wetland or other body of water

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8
Q

Surface runoff

A

Precipitation will hat does not infiltrate the ground or return to the atmosphere by evaporation

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9
Q

Reliable surface runoff

A

The amount of surface runoff that we can generally count on as a source of freshwater from year to year

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10
Q

Drought

A

A prolonged period in which precipitation is at least 70% Lower and evaporation is higher than normal in an area that is normally not dry

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11
Q

Reservoir

A

An artificial lake that is created by a dammed river

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12
Q

Dam

A

A structure built across a river to control the rivers to control the river water flow

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13
Q

Floodplain

A

An adjacent area to a flooding stream that overflows and spills into it

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14
Q

Water pollution

A

Any chemical biological or physical change in water quality that harms living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desired users

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15
Q

Point sources

A

Discharge pollutants at specific locations that are dumped into bodies of water

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16
Q

Non point sources

A

Unknown origin and no specific areas you can point to that enter bodies of water or air

17
Q

Cultural eutrophication

A

Urban or agricultural areas where people speed up the input of plant nutrients to a lake

18
Q

Septic tank

A

A large field where sewage from each house is stored

19
Q

Primary sewage treatment

A

A physical process that uses screens and a grit tank to remove large floating objects and allow solids such as sand and rock to settle out

20
Q

Secondary sewage treatment

A

A biological process in which aerobic bacteria remove as much as 90% of dissolves and biodegradable oxygen demanding organic wastes

21
Q

Subsidence

A

The land sinking from the aquifers being sucked down