water on the land

Question 1

what are three points in a river

Answer 1

upper lower middle

Question 2

whats the two erosion which change the cross profile

Answer 2

vertical and lateral

Question 3

three characteristics of upper course

Answer 3

narrow v shape valley shallow

Question 4

three characteristics of middle section

Answer 4

gently sloping wider deeper

Question 5

three characteristics of lower course

Answer 5

wide flat deep

Question 6

four process of erosion

Answer 6

hydraulic action abrasion attrition solution

Question 7

whats hydraulic action

Answer 7

the force of the water breaks rock

Question 8

whats abrasion

Answer 8

rocks scrape and rub the channel wearing it away

Question 9

whats attrition

Answer 9

eroded rocks smash into each other breaking into smaller fragments

Question 10

whats solution

Answer 10

river water dissolves some types of rock eg chalk and limestone

Question 11

types of transportation

Answer 11

traction saltation suspension solution

Question 12

what size particles is traction

Answer 12

large rocks

Question 13

how are the pebbles in saltation moved

Answer 13

bounce along bed

Question 14

whats suspension

Answer 14

small particles like silt are carried along

Question 15

whats solution

Answer 15

soluble materials dissolve in water and are carried along

Question 16

whats a meander

Answer 16

a large bend in the river

Question 17

where are meanders found

Answer 17

middle and lower course

Question 18

which part of the river is a slipoff slope made

Answer 18

inside of the bend

Question 19

whats on the outside of a meander

Answer 19

river cliff

Question 20

whys a river cliff on the outside

Answer 20

faster water erodes the outside and doesn’t deposit anything

Question 21

what can form from a meander

Answer 21

oxbow lake

Question 22

whats a levees

Answer 22

a natural embankment

Question 23

whats lag time

Answer 23

the time between peak rainfall and peak discharge

Question 24

whats lag time

Answer 24

the time between peak rainfall and peak discharge

Question 25

6 factors effect river discharge

Answer 25

temp, amount and type of rainfall, previous weather conditions, land use, relief, rock type

Question 26

state two hard engineering strategies

Answer 26

channel straightening dams and reservoirs

Question 27

state three soft engineering strategies

Answer 27

flood warnings flood plain zoning preparation