Water EQ 1

Question 1

% of water that is fresh

Answer 1

2.5%

Question 2

Largest store of fresh water

Answer 2

Glaciers

Question 3

What factors drive the hydrological cycle?

Answer 3

Solar energy and gravitational potential energy

Question 4

How does the thermohaline circulation work?

Answer 4

1. Water in the polar is saltier and dense so will sink
2. As cold water sinks warmer tropic water is drawn in
3. As warm water moves away colder deep water moves up and is warmed

Question 5

Is the volume of fresh water increasing or decreasing and why?

Answer 5

Decreasing as the freshwater stored in glaciers and ice sheets is melting and joining saline water

Question 6

Define closed system

Answer 6

Where the inputs and outputs are in balance

Question 7

Where is most of freshwater locked

Answer 7

Cryosphere

Question 8

Definite open system

Answer 8

• water can enter and exit the system
• total volume of the water varies

Question 9

3 types of rainfall

Answer 9

• orographic rainfall
• conventional rainfall
• frontal rainfall

Question 10

Human factors on a drainage basin

Answer 10

• overabstration
• deforestation
• urbanisation
• reservoirs

Question 11

Define water budget

Answer 11

Reflects the differences between inputs and outputs

Question 12

Define effective rainfall

Answer 12

Amount of precipitation remaining after evaporation

Question 13

2 types of river regimes

Answer 13

• simple
• complex

Question 14

Define hydrograph

Answer 14

A graph showing the discharge of a river in a given time period

Question 15

How does geology affect a drainage basin?

Answer 15

• changes rate of percolation
• can affect soil formation
  Changes to groundwater flow

Question 16

% of fresh water which is readily accessible

Answer 16

1%