Water, Electrolyte, and acid base balance Chap 21 Flashcards
Major Fluid Compartments in Body
intracellular 63% H2O and extracellular 37% H2O
Extracellular fluid location
tissue, blood plasma, lymph, transcellular fluid (CSF, serous fluid, synovial fluid, etc.)
Forces that move fluid between compartments
hydorstatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure. Hydostatic pressure tends to stay equal so colloid osmotic pressure causes most of the movement
water balance
water intake equals water output
water input
60% drinking, 30% moist foods, 10% from metabolism of food
water outputs
60% urine, 6 % feces, 6% sweat, 28% evaporation and lungs during breathing
what determines omolarity
total solute concentration of a body of fluid
what makes you thristy
increase in osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid due to fluid loss (solute concentration high) stimulates osmoreceptors in hyperthalamus, making person feel thristy. Can be a 1% total body water decrease
electrolyte intake
primarily from food, also in small quantities by product of metabolic reaction
electrolyte output
output in greatest amount through kidney fuction/ urine, also sweat and feces
ADH
posterior pituitary gland relasese ADH. increases water intake by blood at DCT and collecting ducts
how can Edema develop?
low proteins in plasma (osmotic pressure drops), obstructions in lymph vessels, increased venous pressure, inflammation (histomines make tissue more permeable)
hypoproteinemia
condition of low protein in blood
Calcium regulation
when calcium low parathyroid hormone secreted into blood, increasing osteocalst activity taking CA+ from bone and putting it into blood. kidney’s also ramp up reabsobtion and secret more phosphate ions. so more phosphate ions are excreted in urine as a result
hypercalcemia
caused by hyperparathroidism, cancer. Symptoms include waekness, fatigue, impaired metal function
