Water Cycles As Natural Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a system?

A

A set of interrelated components working together towards some kind of process

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2
Q

What is an input?

A

The addition of matter or energy into a system

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3
Q

What is a flow or transfer?

A

A form of linkage between one store/component and another that involves movement of energy or matter

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4
Q

What is a store or component ?

A

A part of a system where energy/ mass is stored or transferred?

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5
Q

What is output?

A

Where matter or energy leaves the system?

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6
Q

What is a isolated system?

A

A system that has not interactions beyond its boundary

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7
Q

What is a closed system?

A

They have transfers of energy both into and beyond the system boundary BUT not transfers of matter.

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8
Q

What is a open system?

A

Where energy and matter can be transferred from the system across the boundary into the surrounding environment

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9
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Where the feedbacks of an action are amplified or multiplied by subsequent knock-on secondary effects
Eg, increase in CO2

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10
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Where the effects of an action are nullified by its subsequent knock-on effects
Eg. Increased use of fossil fuels

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11
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium ?

A

Balance between inputs and outputs

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12
Q

Systems can be classified 3 ways

A
  1. Isolated
  2. Closed
  3. Open
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13
Q

Example of positive feedback in a system

A

Global temps rise
(Warms the ocean)
Increased oceanic temperatures
(Warm water less able to disssolve gas)
Dissolved CO2 released by warmer oceans
(CO2 back into the atmosphere)
More co2 in the atmosphere
(More CO2 to act as a greenhouse gas)
Global temps rise
…..

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14
Q

Examples of a negative feedback in a system?

A

Start - increased use of fossil fuels
Increase in atmospheric CO2
(Glob temps increase )
More plant growth
(Increased uptake of CO2)
Reduces atmospheric CO2
(Reduces CO2 has a ‘dampening effect’ and reduces global temperatures)

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15
Q

What type of system is the water and carbon cycle ?

A

On a local scale the water and carbon cycles are both open systems, but on a global scale, they are a closed system. Each of these systems contain flows/transfers, inputs, outputs and stores/components.

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