Water Cycle + Water Insecurity Flashcards
1
Q
Stores in the hydrological system:
A
- Interception
- Soil store
- Groundwater store
- Snow + Glaciers
- Atmosphere
2
Q
What is Percolation?
A
Downwards movement of water through soil and rock due to gravity
3
Q
What is Groundwater flow?
A
Movement of water from a high hydrostatic pressure to a low hydrostatic pressure
4
Q
What is Stem Flow?
A
Water that is intercepted but then flows down branches to the ground
5
Q
What is the cyrosphere?
A
The frozen water part of Earth’s system
6
Q
What is Permafrost?
A
Frozen soil for at least 2 years
7
Q
3 main causes of precipitation:
A
- Orographic rainfall, caused by the relief of the land forcing water vapour to rise and cool
- Convectional rainfall, caused by the heating of earths surface leading to more buoyant parcels of humid air rising
- Frontal Rainfall, caused by warmer air masses rising above denser, colder air masses
8
Q
Aswan Dam, Key Facts:
A
- Largest dam built in the African continent at the time
- Flooding is largely controlled further downstream but this had negative impacts on farming
- Estimated to have lost 10-16 million cubic metres a year, 20% of water volume in Nile
