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Biochem > Water and pH > Flashcards

Water and pH Flashcards

1
Q

Predominant chemical component of living organisms; Irregularly, slightly skewed tetrahedron - oxygen at center and 2 hydrogens at corners

A

Water

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2
Q

Percentage of Intracellular water

A

40% (2/3)

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3
Q

Percentage of Extracellular water

A

20% (1/3)

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4
Q

Percentage of Interstitial fluid

A

15%

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5
Q

Percentage of Blood Plasma

A

5%

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6
Q

Properties of Water

A

DipoleHigh dielectric constantForms hydrogen bondsExcellent nucleophileAmphoteric

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7
Q

Acts as both an acid and base

A

Amphoteric

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8
Q

Has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts

A

Amphipathic

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9
Q

The negative log of hydrogen ion concentration; Measure alkalinity or acidity

A

pH

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10
Q

What is the normal pH of blood?

A

7.35-7.45

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11
Q

Proton donors

A

Acids

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12
Q

Proton acceptors

A

Bases

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13
Q

High H+Low pHLow pKa

A

Acids

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14
Q

Low H+High pHHigh pKa

A

Bases

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15
Q

Causes of High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

A

MethanolUremiaDiabetic KetoacidosisParaldehyde and Propylene GlycolIsoniazidLactic Acidosis (Sepsis, Shock)Ethylene GlycolSalicylates

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16
Q

Used to calculate the concentration of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-)

A

Henderson-Hasselbach Equation

17
Q

pH<pKaAcid is unchargedBase is charged

A

Protonated

18
Q

pH>pKaAcid is chargedBase is uncharged

A

Unprotonated

19
Q

Mixture of weak acid and its conjugate base that can resist a change in pH when protons are produced or consumed

A

Buffers

20
Q

Physiologic Buffers

A

Bicarbonate (most important extracellular)Proteins (most important intracellular)Orthophosphate

Biochem (7 decks)

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