Water and other Fluids Flashcards
what are 4 functions of water in the body?
-lubricates joints
-facilitates the removal of waste
-provides a medium for chemical reactions to take place
-acts as transport for nutrients, enzymes and other chemical substances
why is it important to be careful about what drink is chosen?
-all provide water and some may even provide essential vitamins and minerals however some can provide calories which contribute to daily calorie intake
-some may also be high is sugar which can cause dental caries and some may be very acidic which can cause dental erosion and weaken the enamel
what are 5 sources of water that aren’t water itself ?
-soups/stews
-tea and coffee
-milk and yoghurt
-fruit and veg
-smoothies
what are the 5 factors that can impact on hydration?
-activity levels
-poor appetite or feeling unwell
-age
-hot humid weather
-people living in high altitudes
how does activity levels affect hydration?
-fluid levels fall due to excess sweating this causes an increase in sodium concentrations which triggers thirst
-athletes should consume adequate amounts of water before, during and after exercise
-if insufficient water is consumed then the body can become dehydrated
how can a poor appetite or feeling unwell affect hydration?
-more chronic diseases e.g. untreated type 2 diabetes can result in a person becoming dehydrated
-any fever related illness also makes the individual more susceptible to dehydration
how can age impact on hydration?
-the sensation of thirst can decline with age
-older people who may be on a range of medication which affects their desire to eat and drink
-young children do not usually recognize thirst and so are vulnerable to dehydration due to their higher metabolic rates and increased body surface area to body mass index
how can people working or exercising outside in hot humid weather impact on hydration?
-in hot weather the risk of dehydration and heat stroke increases
-when the air is humid the bodies sweat cannot evaporate and cool itself quick enough which can lead to an increases body temperature and the need for fluid increases
how can people living in higher altitudes impact on hydration?
-when the body attempts to adjust the the higher altitude dehydration commonly occurs through increased urination and more rapid breathing
-the faster a person breathes to maintain adequate oxygen levels in the blood the more water vapor that is exhaled
what are 4 symptoms of mild dehydration?
-headache and dizziness
-dry mouth
-small amounts of infrequent urine
-tiredness
what are 4 symptoms of moderate dehydration?
-heat exhaustion
-kidney stones
constipation
-muscle weakness
what are 4 symptoms of sever dehydration?
-a weak or rapid pulse
-fits
-confusion and tiredness
-low level of consciousness
what condition can water intoxication lead to?
-hyponatremia
what are thetwo reasons over hydration occurs?
-increased water intake
-retaining water
how can increased water intake lead to water intoxication? what are the two reasons this can occur?
-the kidneys have a limit of how much water that they can get rid of and so too much water is left in the body
-some medications can increase thirst like untreated diabetes
-schizophrenia can also lead to compulsive drinking
