water and its spacial distrubution

Question 1

what are the physical states of water

Answer 1

solid, liquid and gas

Question 2

where is water found

Answer 2

water on earth is most commonly found in water stores

Question 3

what are water stores

Answer 3

water stores are places where water is contained in and can be categorised as freshwater and saltwater stores

Question 4

where can water be contained with low amount of salt that can be used more readily

Answer 4

glaciers, rivers, lakes, groundwater and soil

Question 5

true/false

oceans are saltwater stores

Answer 5

true

the ocean water has too much salt to be used directly

Question 6

are water stores evenly distributed

Answer 6

no. however, water can move from one store to another. these movements are known as flows

eg glaciers may melt and flow into rivers, which eventually flow into oceans

Question 7

what are oceans

Answer 7

oceans are large masses of water that are connected to one another

Question 8

what are glaciers

Answer 8

large masses of ice that rest on land or float in the sea

Question 9

what are lakes

Answer 9

water bodies surrounded by land

Question 10

what are rivers

Answer 10

natural wide flows of freshwater across the land that store water temporarily before water flows into another water body. (they flow from places of higher elevation to places of lower elevation as gravity pulls water downwards)

Question 11

what marks the point where a river begins and where a river flows into another water body

Answer 11

river source and river mouth

Question 12

what is soil

Answer 12

soil refers to the loose topmost layer of earth’s surface where plants grow

Question 13

true/false

water passes through the soil through very small openings known as pores

Answer 13

true

the water that is stores in the soil is known as soil moisture

Question 14

what is groundwater

Answer 14

groundwater is found below the surface of the earth. it enters thru pores in the soil due to gravity

Question 15

what is the hydrological cycle

Answer 15

it is a sequence of processes that occur to ensure that water is naturally replenished on the earth

Question 16

what are the 6 stages of the hydrological cycle (of a catchment)

Answer 16

1. precipitation (water falls as rain, or snow if the air is cold enough)
2. groundwater (water that seeps into the ground may be absorbed by plants or stored as groundwater)
3. surface runoff (water flows from the highlands and over the ground surface into streams and rivers)
4. evaporation (the sun’s heat causes water to evaporate. water changes into water vapour)
5. transpiration (plants give out water vapour through their leaves)
6. condensation (warm moist air cools as it rises. water vapour changes into water droplets. small droplets combine to form bigger droplets. large amounts of water droplets gather to form clouds)

Question 17

what is a water budget

Answer 17

a water budget equation describes the flow of water in and out of a catchment area

Question 18

what does processes that can increase the amount of water in a catchment area and processes that decrease the amount of water in a catchment area called

Answer 18

inputs and outputs

Question 19

what would happen if the input of water is more than the output of water

Answer 19

the would be a water surplus (the other way around would be a water deficit)

Question 20

what affects the net change of in storage

Answer 20

input (precipitation) - output (surface runoff, evaporation. transpiration)

Question 21

what is net change

Answer 21

the difference between the inputs and outputs of a system