Water

Question 1

Precipitation

Answer 1

process in which liquid water or ice falls to earth due to gravity

Question 2

Evapouration

Answer 2

Process in which liquid water turns to vapor

Question 3

Condensation

Answer 3

process in which water vapour turn into liquid

Question 4

transpiration

Answer 4

movement of water up plants and its subsequent loss as water vapour from their leaves

Question 5

surface run off

Answer 5

where water runs over the ground into rivers

Question 6

interception

Answer 6

process in which precipitation is stopped from reaching the ground by the presence of trees/plants

Question 7

Infiltration

Answer 7

where water seeps into the ground

Question 8

Groundwater flow

Answer 8

the process in which infiltrated water flows through rocks

Question 9

Through flow

Answer 9

where infiltrated water flows through soil

Question 10

Name the three categories of water usage

Answer 10

Domestic
Industrial
Agriculture

Question 11

What are common sources of freshwater? (6)

Answer 11

• Underground storage
• Wells
• Rivers
• Reservoirs/Dams
• Desalination plants
• Aquifers

These sources are essential for providing freshwater for various uses.

Question 12

What can aquifers be used for?

Answer 12

Aquifers can be accessed for freshwater supply.

Aquifers are underground layers of water-bearing rock or sediment.

Question 13

What can be built to store water?

Answer 13

Dams can be built to store water.

Dams create reservoirs that hold water for various purposes including irrigation and drinking.

Question 14

Why is there a water crisis?

Answer 14

Water is being used as if it is unlimited & a population increase

Question 15

Name some impacts of a water crisis

Answer 15

Inflation, less water available, food prices inflate too

Question 16

potable

Answer 16

safe to drink

Question 17

Aquifer

Answer 17

water stored in porous rocks under the ground

Question 18

service reservoir

Answer 18

a reservoir in which potable water is stored

Question 19

Reservoir

Answer 19

an artificial lake where water can be stored

Question 20

Water tower

Answer 20

a type of reservoir where potable water is stored for immediate use

Question 21

cistern

Answer 21

a vessel in which (usually potable) water is stored, forming a type of covered reservoir

Question 22

Well

Answer 22

a hole bored or dug into rock to reach the water stored there

Question 23

artisan aquifer

Answer 23

an aquifer in which the water is under pressure

Question 24

distillation

Answer 24

the purification of liquid by boiling a solution so that the liquid evaporates and can be collected when it condenses at a lower temperature

Question 25

reverse osmosis

Answer 25

purification of water by pumping it at a high pressure through a fine membrane

Question 26

Water rich

Answer 26

having an abundance of water

Question 27

water poor

Answer 27

lacking an adequate supply of water

Question 28

urban

Answer 28

of or in a city or town

Question 29

rural

Answer 29

in or relating to the characteristics of e countryside

Question 30

physical water scarcity

Answer 30

result of a regions demand outpacing the limited water resources available there

Question 31

economic water scarcity

Answer 31

lack of water infrastructure or poor management of water resources

Question 32

name the two methods of desalination

Answer 32

Boiling Reverse osmosis

Question 33

What are the two types of water pollution

Answer 33

physical pollution and chemical pollution

Question 34

Name the three water pollution sources

Answer 34

domestic, industrial and agricultural

Question 35

what percentage of water in in oceans/saline?

Answer 35

97%

Question 36

what percentage of water is freshwater?

Answer 36

3%

Question 37

What percentage of freshwater is found in ice caps and glaciers?

Answer 37

68.7% or 69%

Question 38

What percentage of freshwater is groundwater?

Answer 38

30% or 30.1%

Question 39

What percentage of freshwater is surface water?

Answer 39

0.3%

Question 40

What percentage of fresh water is NOT surface water, ground water, or in ice caps/gaciers?

Answer 40

0.9%

Question 41

What percentage of fresh surface water can be found in lakes?

Answer 41

87%

Question 42

What percentage of fresh surface water can be found in rivers?

Answer 42

2%

Question 43

What are the three main things you need to consider when building dams?

Answer 43

Location, climate & geography

Question 44

Would you want high or low precipitation in a location for dams?

Answer 44

High precipitation

Question 45

Would you want high or low temperature in a location for a dam?

Answer 45

Low temperature

Question 46

what kind of rock would you want to build a dam on? why?

Answer 46

strong and impermeable because no water drainage and a good foundation

Question 47

Should dams be near or away from developed areas?

Answer 47

away

Question 48

Would you want dams in a narrow, steep valley or a wide, gently sloping valley?

Answer 48

narrow and steep

Question 49

Would you want dams high or low?

Answer 49

High

Question 50

Why are multipurpose dams controversial?

Answer 50

they are expensive and affect the environment and locals

Question 51

Name some pros of dams

Answer 51

generates power flood control irrigation provision of water habitat for wetland species renewable energy no greenhouse gases more jobs

Question 52

name some cons of dams

Answer 52

relocate people floods land Disrupted life cycles of fish May become redundant due to sediment Expensive Requires maintenance Less jobs for farmers Alters water supply downstream reduce soil enrichment

Question 53

What are some impacts of industrial water pollution?

Answer 53

toxic compounds from industry and acid rain

Question 54

What are some impacts of agricultural water pollution?

Answer 54

eutrophication (overly enriched in nutrients) and pesticide and herbicide pollution

Question 55

what causes eutrophication?

Answer 55

The increase of nutrients in a body of water usually due to fertilise raw sewage and animal manure