Water Flashcards
results when an ion and a nearby polar molecule (dipole) attract each other
Ion-dipole forces
Strongest of all intermolecular forces
Ion-dipole Forces
Special type of dipole-dipole forces arising between molecules that have an H atom bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom with lone pairs- N, O, and F
Hydrogen Bond
Positive pole of one molecule attracts the negative pole of another
Exist between neutral polar molecules
Dipole-dipole forces
Water fearing
-tend not to dissolve in water
- ex. Non polar covalent compounds such as hydrocarbons
Hydrophobic
Water loving
-tend to dissolve in water
-polar covalent compounds - low- molecular -weight alcohols
Hydrophilic
Molecules that contain one or more hydrophobic and one or more hydrophilic regions
Amphipathic
Spherical arrangement of organic molecules in water solution
Micelle
Interaction between non polar molecules is very weak
Van der Waals interaction
Hold water molecules together
They form, break, reform with great frequency
Hydrogen bonding
Universal solvent
Water
Water molecules have strong tendency to stick to one another
Cohesion
Ability of water to stick to other substances
Adhesion
Together, allows capillary action
Carrying nutrients to each cell within our body
Cohesion
Adhesion
Process of water loss by leaves
Transpiration
Measure of the force necessary to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
Behaves as if covered by an invisible film
Surface Tension
Amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by 1C
Specific Heat
Takes 540 cal for 1g of water to move from liquid to gaseous state
High heat of vaporization
The cooling of a surface occurs when the liquid evaporates
Evaporative Cooling
Evaporative Cooling is responsible for:
Moderating earth’s climate
Stabilizes temperature in aquatic ecosystems
Preventing organisms from overheating
The heat required to change water from one phase to another.
Latent heat
Water most dense at 4 degree celsius and then begins to expand again becomes less dense as the temperature decreases further
Water density and solid expansion
Often insulates and protects animals and plants living in the water below
Floating ice
Solution
Solute
Solvent
