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Water Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a solution?

A

Mixture that has the same color, composition, density, and taste throughout

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2
Q

What is a solute?

A

A substance being dissolved

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3
Q

What is a solvent?

A

A substance that dissolves the solute/ a substance doing the dissolving

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4
Q

Examples of solution solids:

A

Brass
Sterling Silver

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5
Q

3 ways to speed up the rate of the dissolving process or the solubility of a solution:

A

Increase in stirring
Increase in temperature
Increase in surface area

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6
Q

What does polar mean?

A

Unequal electron amount

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7
Q

Water’s 2 types of bonds:

A

Polar
Covalent

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8
Q

What do we have when water attracts to water?

A

Cohesion

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9
Q

What do we have when water attracts to other substances?

A

Adhesion

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10
Q

What turns litmus paper red?

A

Acid

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11
Q

What turns litmus paper blue?

A

Base

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12
Q

What is a soapy substance?

A

Base

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13
Q

What is a crystalline solid?

A

Base

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14
Q

What taste bitter, acids or bases?

A

Both

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15
Q

What tastes sour?

A

Acids

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16
Q

Is a carrot a base?

A

Yes

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17
Q

Is acid slippery?

A

No

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18
Q

Are bases slippery?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Is juice an example of an acid?

A

Yes

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20
Q

Give 2 food examples of acids:

A

Lemons
Oranges
Apples
Etc.

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21
Q

True or False

Acids conduct electricity.

A

TRUE!

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22
Q

True or false

Bases AND Acids are both corrosive!

A

TRUE!

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23
Q

Is soda an acid?

A

Yes

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24
Q

What are the 2 examples of INDICATORS?

A

PH indicator strips
Red cabbage juice

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25
Q

M= (mass equals)

A

D/V (density divided by volume)

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26
Q

What does water do when it freezes?

A

Water expands when it freezes

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27
Q

Acids produce H+ (T or F)

A

True!

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28
Q

What does a water molecule look like? Describe it.

A

H H
O
(imagine mickey mouse, 2 smaller circles of hydrogen for the ears on top, and one big face of the oxygen.)

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29
Q

2 parts of a solution=

A

solute
solvent

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30
Q

smaller portion in a solution

A

solute

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31
Q

larger portion in a solution

A

solvent

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32
Q

Why is water the universal solvent?

A

Water dissolves more solutes than any other solvent

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33
Q

What is it called when you add more solvent?

A

D I L U T I O N (dilution) or diluded

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34
Q

Define Osmosis

A

the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. The movement continues until equilibrium is reached.

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35
Q

Define viscosity

A

the resistance of a liquid to flow

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36
Q

Define precipitate

A

solid that forms from a liquid

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37
Q

3 types of solutions:

A

Saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated.

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38
Q

Define saturated:

A

contains all solute it can hold at a given temperature

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39
Q

Define unsaturated:

A

able to dissolve more solute at a given temperature

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40
Q

Define supersaturated:

A

contains more solute than a saturated one solution is unstable

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41
Q

Define concentrated:

A

large amount of solute in a solvent

42
Q

Define dilute:

A

small amount of solute in a solvent

43
Q

4 main properties of acids:

A

Taste sour

are corrosive

holds electricity

acids react with indicators to produce a predictable color change

44
Q

4 main properties of a base:

A

many bases are crystalline solids in an undissolved state

in solutions, bases feel slippery

bitter taste

strong bases react with indicators

45
Q

In solutions, bases feel_____.

A

slippery

46
Q

define an acid:

A

a substance that produces hydrogen ions in a solution

47
Q

define a base:

A

a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH) in a solution and also excepts H+ in acids.

48
Q

Pure water is never_____

A

acidic

49
Q

water has a very_____surface tension.

A

high

50
Q

water molecules stick together with_______.

A

hydrogen bonds

51
Q

Is water polar or nonpolar?

A

Polar

52
Q

Why is a hydrogen ion also known as a proton?

A

It has only one proton and no electrons, an H atom only has one of each-therefore it leans toward positive. (proton)

53
Q

How does the PH scale work?

A

It is a measure of the relative amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the water.

54
Q

Coke/ Milk demo explanation:

A

Milk (Ca) is a base, which mixes with coke which is the acid, and it forms small crystalized bubbles (this mixture creates a precipitate)

55
Q

Real-life acid/ base examples:

A

Stomach acid/ chronic heartburn

56
Q

saturated

A

a solution that contains all of the solute it can normally hold at a given temperature

57
Q

3 types of solutions

A

saturated, unsaturated, supersaturated

58
Q

does crushing into powder help to increase the rate of dissolving?

A

Yes, crushing the solute into powder increases the surface area

59
Q

compared to saturated, supersaturated is________.

A

unstable

60
Q

in soda, what is the solvent?

A

water

61
Q

in salt water, what is the solute and the solvent?

A

Solute: salt
Solvent: water

62
Q

what is the larger part of a solution?

A

solvent

63
Q

what is the smaller part of a solution?

A

solute

64
Q

pure water has a pH of what?

A

7

65
Q

what is the density of water?

A

1 g/mL (one gram per millileter)

66
Q

How is a water molecule bonded?

A

covalently

67
Q

In a water molecule, the electrons have a greater attraction to the_________ atom.

A

oxygen

68
Q

is water polar or nonpolar?

A

water is polar

69
Q

What does polar mean?

A

an unequal share of electrons

70
Q

does water have a high or low surface tension?

A

water has a high surface tension

71
Q

why is water the universal solvent?

A

it dissolves more solutes than any other solvents

72
Q

what turns litmus paper red

A

acid

73
Q

what turns litmus paper blue

A

bases

74
Q

what is corrosive-acid or base

A

BOTH

75
Q

What accepts protons (H+) from an acid?

A

Base

76
Q

When undissolved, this starts out as a crystalline solid…

A

Base

77
Q

what happens when water sticks to water

A

cohesion

78
Q

what happens when water absorbs or sticks to other substances

A

adhesion

79
Q

acids produce________in a solution.

A

hydrogen ions (protons) (H+)

80
Q

why do we call this-(H+) a proton?

A

Because it gives away it’s one electron

81
Q

2 examples of solutions (solid)

A

brass or sterling silver

82
Q

How does stirring help to increase the rate of dissolving?

A

Stirring helps the solute to come more in contact with the solvent

83
Q

definition of solubility-

A

maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a temperature.

84
Q

concentration=

A

percent by volume of solute in a solvent

and the large amount of solute in a solvent

85
Q

dilute=

A

small amount of solute in a solvent

86
Q

4 properties of acids:

A

taste sour
electrolytes
corrosive
react with indicators to produce a predictable color change

87
Q

what does a base produce

A

hydroxide ions (OH-)

88
Q

What is an indicator?

A

an organic compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base

89
Q

1 example of an indicator:

A

litmus paper

red cabbage juice

pH indicator strips

90
Q

True or False

The strength of an acid or a base depends on how many acid or base particles dissociate into ions in water

A

True

91
Q

strong acid-

A

ionizes almost completely in water

92
Q

weak acid-

A

only partly ionizes in a solution

93
Q

strong base-

A

dissociates completely in a solution

94
Q

weak base-

A

does not completely dissociate in a solution

95
Q

pH scale range=

A

0-14

96
Q

The stronger the base, the ________ the number on the pH scale.

A

BIGGER

14-super strong base

97
Q

The stronger the acid, the _______ the number is on the pH scale.

A

smaller

98
Q

what number on the pH scale is neutral?

A

7

99
Q

is pure H2O neutral?

A

yes, water’s pH is 7

100
Q

what is the strongest base in the world?

A

Lye

Science Quiz (1 decks)

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