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Fish Conservation and Management > Water > Flashcards

Water Flashcards

1
Q

What temp is water at its highest density

A

4 Deg C

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2
Q

Specific heat

A

Must gain or loose large amt of energy before temp change

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3
Q

Water is the universal…

A

solvent

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4
Q

pH rain

A

5.6 (acidic)

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5
Q

closed system

A

linkage between shortage of water and movement of water

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6
Q

recharge area

A

water percolates through water table

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7
Q

rainwater and meltwater runoff responds DIRECTLY to

A

topography, soil, characteristics of the precipitation

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8
Q

rainwater and meltwater responds INDIRECTLY to

A

variations in climate, vegetation, and land use

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9
Q

watershed

A

geographic area of land in which the precip drains to a common point on a stream pond lake or other body of water, includes surface and groundwater flow

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10
Q

Lotic system

A

continuously flowing water

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11
Q

stream classification sytem

A

Based off of how many streams are going into it, and what level they6 are

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12
Q

headwaters

A

swift and erosional

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13
Q

lower reaches

A

slower and depositional

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14
Q

allochthonous

A

external loading

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15
Q

autochthonous

A

internal loading

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16
Q

External / internal loading aspects

A

○ CPOM- coarse particular organic matter
○ FPOM- fine particular organic matter
○ DOM- Dissolved organic matter
Primary production (photosynthesis)

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17
Q

lentic systems

A

lakes

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18
Q

lotic systems

A

streams rivers

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19
Q

water residence time

A

how long is a molecule of water in the lake

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20
Q

wind influence on bodies of water

A

surface water
spirals of water
then it affects nutrients for fish

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21
Q

Slosh

A

wind continuously on a lake that makes the water push to one side

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22
Q

epilimnion

A

warm water @ top

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23
Q

thermocline

A

rapid temp change

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24
Q

hypolimnion

A

cold water

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25
Q

what causes stratification in lakes

A

temp

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26
Q

fall turnover

A

lakes mix, always most dense at 4 deg C

27
Q

What happens at bottom of lake that causes less O2

A

decomposition

28
Q

Nutrient sink

A

lakes
high concentratins of P and N

29
Q

P used for life science

A

atp dna

30
Q

N used for life science

A

amino acids protien

31
Q

oligotrophic

A

nutrient poor, x a lot of sediment

32
Q

mesotrophic

A

medium nutrients
thermocline
some algae in late summer

33
Q

eutrophic

A

high nutrients, shallow murky water, sediment buildup, many plants

34
Q

lakes with a lot of silt impact light T F

A

T light attenuation

35
Q

density salt water greater than or less than freshwater

A

greater than

36
Q

why differences in salinity

A

currents, evap, lakes going into ocean, etc.

37
Q

what drives tides

A

centripital force and grav pull

38
Q

spring tide

A

grav force from sun and moon working together (new moon) biggest tides

39
Q

why do coriolis happen

A

earths rotation
right northern hemisphere

40
Q

convection currents cause

A

trade winds

41
Q

what drives the amount of precip in atmosphere

A

subtropic convergence zone

42
Q

gyres

A

warm current circulating with cold currents (columbus)

43
Q

+ CO2 = + or - pH of ocean

A

-

44
Q

CO2 bio pump =

A

• Input of carbon dioxide into oceans = biological pump = basis of food web= connection of CO2 driving primary production in ocean = basis of life
Light = energy

45
Q

biolimiting nutrients

A

N and P

46
Q

C:N:P redfield ratio

A

106 16 1

47
Q

upwelling, bring up

A

nutrients (more prod.)

48
Q

La Nina / El Nino

A

wind patterns occuring in the southern pacific ocean drives upwelling

49
Q

polar regions

A

• Low light levels
• Cold temp
• Nutrient rich
• Biologically productive
Mostly plankton and microbes

50
Q

temperate regions

A

• Between 23.5N and 60 N (or south)
• Moderate light levels
• Seasonal temperatures
• Nutrient rich coastlines
Biologically productive

51
Q

Tropical regions

A

• High light levels
• High temp
• Nutrient poor
Biologically diverse

52
Q

ecotone

A

transition zone between biotic communitiies

53
Q

Wetlands

A

area of land where soil saturated with moisture permanently or seasonally
acts as a filter for water

54
Q

Bogs

A

○ Precipitation dominated
○ Peat deposits and sphagnum moss
○ Acidic waters
○ Low nutrients
○ Waterlogged
Often underlain by permafrost

55
Q

Vernal pool, wet meadow, wet prarie

A

○ Precipitation dominated
○ Areas of high interannual variation in precipitation
○ Depressions formed following last glaciation
Important habitat for over 50% of NA migratory waterfowl

56
Q

fen

A

○ Nutrients and water from the ground
○ Mostly northern hemisphere
○ Less acic higher nutrients than bogs
○ Higher diversity than bogs
Peat-forming

57
Q

Marsh

A

○ Surface water dominated
○ Frequent or conditionally inundated with water
○ Often open water
○ Emergent vegetation
○ High nutrients neutral pH
○ Tidal freshwater marsh
Water influenced by tides but too far upstream to be inundated by salt water

58
Q

Hydrological functions of a wetland

A

reduce water flow = less floods
groundwater recharge and discharge

59
Q

Nictification

A

inorganic nitrogen to ammonium, nitrate, then nitrite

60
Q

4 types of wetland flora

A

emergent
floating
submerged

61
Q

estuaries

A

semi enclosed costal embayment with river discharge

62
Q

Shorelines

A

rate of sediment accreation vs sediment removal

63
Q

things that affect zonation

A

temp
salinity
wave impact
competition

64
Q

Rocky intertidal zone

A

high tide- underwater low tide-out of water zone

Fish Conservation and Management (9 decks)

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