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Earth Science > Wastes > Flashcards

Wastes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Waste?

A

discarded or rejected material from human activities and other processes.

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2
Q

What are 5 types of wastes?

A

Solid, Liquid, Gas, Hazardous, Special.

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3
Q

Give the 2 types of solid waste.

A

Biodegradable, Nonbiodegradable.

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4
Q

___ wastes is capable of being DECOMPOSED by microorganisms; ____ wastes cannot be degraded quickly through normal means.

A

Biodegradable, Non-biodegradable.

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5
Q

These are wastes in liquid form. Can flow into environment.

A

Liquid wastes.

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6
Q

What are Gas Wastes?

A

Gaseous material due to be discarded.

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7
Q

What are 4 types of hazardous wastes?

A

Toxic, Flammable, Corrosive, Reactive.

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8
Q

It can cause INJURY or DEATH when inhaled or ingested.

A

Toxic waste.

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9
Q

It can BURN skin on contact and can ERODE away surface of materials.

A

Corrosive waste.

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10
Q

What is a reactive waste?

A

It can react with other substances to produce TOXIC VAPOR or explosions.

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11
Q

It can easily IGNITE and burn rapidly.

A

Flammable.

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12
Q

What are special wastes?

A

Need unique regulatory requirements for disposal. Ex. Clinical wastes and asbestos.

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13
Q

Wastes can be caused by ___ or originates from the _____ naturally.

A

humans, environment.

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14
Q

2 causes of waste.

A

Natural, Anthropogenic.

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15
Q

What is a natural waste?

A

Comes from the environment.

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16
Q

Waste produced by humans.

A

Anthropogenic.

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17
Q

___ and ___ development play a role in the amount of wastes generated by countries.

A

Demographics, Economic development.

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18
Q

What are the 5 types of Anthropogenic waste?

A

Residential, Agricultural, Commercial, Mining, Industrial,

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19
Q

What is a residential waste?

A

Wastes from residential areas. Commonly disposed of by the government. Referred to as the Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW).

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20
Q

____ sources generate ORGANIC wastes such as plant and animal materials. Examples; fertilizers and pesticides.

A

Agricultural.

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21
Q

Sources include supermarkets, restaurants, commercial buildings, hotels, auto mechanic workshops, etc.

A

Commercial.

22
Q

What is a mining waste?

A

Include the MINE TAILINGS which are the waste left after ore extraction from the rock, harmful gasses, and overburden materials.

23
Q

An example source of this is a power plant. It consists of materials like concrete, metals, plastic, solvents, and hazardous wastes such as paints and asbestos.

A

Industrial.

24
Q

Various regions across the globe generate varying amounts of wastes every year due to varying levels
of ____ and _____ __ _________.

A

income, degree of industrialization.

25
Q

Largest organization that contributed to the world’s waste generation.

A

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

26
Q

According to the 2013 data, where does most of the Philippines’s waste come from?

A

Residential and household sources.

27
Q

Second largest source of wastes according to the 2013 Philippine data.

A

Commercial. 27.1%

28
Q

What are the 4 impacts of wastes?

A

Economic and Aesthetic
Environmental
Pollution (water, soil, radioactive, air, thermal)
Health and Safety

ps. remember HEEAP

29
Q

A decrease in tourists and investors is what kind of effect?

A

Economic and Environmental Impact.

ps. Another example is Algal Bloom.

30
Q

What is the environmental impact of wastes?

A

Pollution introduces substances and factors that alter the natural environment.

31
Q

What are the four ENVIRONMENTAL impact of wastes?

A

soil - degradation of land resources for agriculture.
water - contamination leads to bad water quality.
air - greenhouse effect
mining - many toxic waste are produced by mines.

32
Q

It is an UNWANTED and harmful chance in the environment’s condition.

A

Pollution Impact.

33
Q

Refers to the contamination of water bodies. Harms aquatic creatures.

A

Water pollution.

34
Q

When ____ happens, soil is stripped of its fertility and nutrition.

A

Soil pollution.

35
Q

Soil pollution is caused by chemicals such as ___ and ____.

A

Pesticides, insecticides.

36
Q

What is a radioactive pollution?

A

Radioactive materials such as THORIUM, RADON, and RADIUM release energy in the environment. Power plants sometimes have radioactive wastes.

37
Q

Caused by poisonous gases and particulate matter in the air.

A

Air Pollution.

38
Q

Cause by a RISE in environmental TEMPERATURE.

A

Thermal Pollution.

39
Q

What impact states that excessive wastes can affect the environment, organisms, and human HEALTH.

A

Healthy and safety impact.

40
Q

Asbestos can cause what?

A

Lung disease and cancer.

41
Q

What are the ways to manage waste? (4)

A

Recycling, Incineration, Compositing, Landfill Waste Management.

42
Q

What are the types of recycling?

A

Paper, Plastic, Glass.

43
Q

Involves turning paper into a pulp; then mixture is broken down into fibers, and reused.

A

Recycling paper.

44
Q

Involves proper SORTING, SHREDDING, and MELTING.

A

Recycling plastics.

ex. Nurdles(plastic pellets) are redesigned into new products.

45
Q

____ can be recycled over and over again.

A

Glass.

ps. Glass is usually sorted by color, melted, and reshaped to new products.

46
Q

What is the Waste Hierarchy?

A

Diagram which can guide homes, schools, and communities in making decisions regarding effective waste reduction management.

47
Q

Involves combustion of waste to recover energy.

A

Incineration.

48
Q

What is compositing?

A

Involves natural process of recycling decomposed organic materials into rich fertile soils known as composts.

49
Q

Dumping of wastes in a designated area.

A

Landfill waste management.

50
Q

The republic act that aims to protect public health and environment through proper waste disposal and envi-friendly methods in utilizing resources. Most waste management practices are governed by this.

A

Republic Act 9003. Also known as Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.

51
Q

Recycling involves the ___ and ___ of materials.

A

recovery, reprocessing.

Earth Science (2 decks)

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