Wartime Government + Organisation Flashcards
Why were there disputes over the organisations of the war effort before the end of 1914?
-July 1914 gov setup ‘military zones’ within which all civilian authority was suspended + military assumed command
What was the reaction to this?
-opposed by liberal zemstva regarded gov insensitive to needs of people
-believed civilians had major part to play in running war e.g. gov decision prohibit sake of alcohol end 1914 resented + evaded - peasants + workers distilled their own vodka
What did the zemstva establish?
-Union of zemstva to provide medial facilities which state neglected
What other initiative was established?
-factory owners + businessmen est. Congress of representatives of Ind + business help coordinate production
What was created in June 1915?
-zemstva + municipal Dumas joined to form all-Rus Union of zemstva + cities
-chaired by Prince Lvov claimed right to help tsars gov insensitive war effort
What was the impact of the all-rus union of zemstva + cities?
-never allowed any direct influence
-like state Duma soon tuned into liberal focus for discontent + Nicholas blamed it for string trouble
What did these from the fourth Duma do in August 1915?
-organised into progressive bloc + demanded Tsar change ministers + est gov of public confidence = constitutional monarchy
How did Nicholas react?
-not prepared contemplate such a move
What did he do instead?
-suspended sittings of Duma + remained officially closed until Jan 1917
What did Nicholas do in response to defeats in Galicia Sept 1915?
-disastrous decision role of commander in chief of Rus military at front line
-move did nothing to help his cause as already lost confidence of Rus general staff + not military experience to turn war around
How did this new position make him appear?
-responsible for disasters that befell his troops + the state
-distancing him even more from developments in Petrograd
What was the impact of Rasputin in the city away from Nicholas?
-began meddle in political appointments + decisions
-influenced many changes in ministers where liberals began lose patience + demand changes in gov
What did the fourth Duma warn about Rasputin?
-warned Nicholas in vain of Rasputin unpopularity
-damage he was doing to tsarist cause
How did nicholas respond?
-not being himself take action abasing man whom his wife leaned on heavily
Who acted against Rasputin in an attempt to save the monarchy?
-nephew of Nicholas by marriage Prince Yusupov + accomplice Purishkevich
-referred to Ras as ‘filthy, vicious + venal peasant’
