Wars of the Roses: Basic

Question 1

Two branches of which family fought for the English throne? Which century?

Answer 1

Plantagenet. 1400s.

Question 2

What was the emblem of the house of York?

Answer 2

A white rose

Question 3

What was the emblem of the house of Lancaster?

Answer 3

A red rose

Question 4

In what year did Henry VI become insane?

Answer 4

Henry VI wits did flee
… in 14 hundred and 53

1453

Question 5

Who tried to step in as Protector in Henry’s place?

Answer 5

Richard, Duke of York

Question 6

Who was Henry VI’s Queen?

Answer 6

Margaret of Anjou

Question 7

When Henry VI seemed to recover in 1455, what happened?

Battle of ..?

Won by..?

Leading to …?

Answer 7

War broke out in 1455, Lancastrians and Yorkists fighting to survive.

War broke out between Lancastrians and Yorkists.

The wars began in 1455 when Richard of York captured Henry at the First Battle of St Albans and was appointed Lord Protector by Parliament, leading to an uneasy peace.[10] Fighting resumed four years later.

Question 8

When and where did Richard of York die?

(Clue: morning grass) Wf

Answer 8

In the Battle of Wakefield, in 1460

The other one was Richard III (Battle Bosworth Field - 1485)

Question 9

What led to Richard of York’s son Edward IV taking the throne?

What event..? When..?

Answer 9

A crushing Yorkist victory.

After defeating Lancastrian armies at Mortimer’s Cross and Towton in early 1461, he deposed King Henry VI and took the throne.

Question 10

What is the title of Richard Neville?

Answer 10

Warwick, the Kingmaker

Question 11

What is the name of Edward IV’s brother who invaded England from France in 1470 with Henry VI’s Queen, Margaret of Anjou? Which disgruntled person helped him

Answer 11

Clarence, helped by Warwick

Question 12

What is surprising event occurred in 1470?

Answer 12

Henry VI. retook the throne for seven months.

Question 13

What happened at Barnet and Tewkesbury?

Answer 13

Edward’s Yorkists, defeated the Lancastrians. Henry VI was defeated (went to Tower).

The Battle of Tewkesbury, which took place on 4 May 1471, was one of the most decisive battles of the Wars of the Roses in England.

King Edward IV and his forces loyal to the House of York completely defeated those of the rival House of Lancaster.

Question 14

What was the name of Edward IV’s wife?

What did Warwick think of her?

Answer 14

Elizabeth Woodville. Warwick disapproved.

Question 15

What year did Edward IV die, and who succeeded him?

Answer 15

1483. His son, Edward V.

‘In 1483, Edwards met tragedy. ‘

Question 16

Who are the two brothers in the tower? What year was that?

Answer 16

Edward V and Richard, Duke of York. 1483. Edward was a king. 

Question 17

Who probably murdered the brothers in the tower?

Answer 17

Their uncle Richard

He seized the throne afterwards to become Richard III

Question 18

With whom did Richard III make enemies?

Who did the enemies side with?

Answer 18

The Yorkists. They sided with Lancastrian, Henry Tudor.

(Aware this needs more nuance).

Question 19

Describe the battle that ended the war of the Roses, including its date. 

Answer 19

The Battle of Bosworth field. Richard, III was killed by Henry Tudor’s forces.

22nd of August, 1485 

Question 20

What did Henry Tudor become, how did he end the wars, and what gesture was made?

Answer 20

He became Henry VII.

He married Elizabeth of York.

He combined the two roses to make the Tudor Rose - red and white.

1485

Question 21

What makes Henry VI’s reign disastrous?

Answer 21

He loses almost all of England’s French lands.

He is indecisive.

Question 22

Why does Henry VI marry Margaret of Anjou?

Answer 22

In an effort to end the 100 Years’ war with France.

Question 23

What happens after Edward IV dies of a sudden illness?

Answer 23

He named his brother, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, Lord, protector during his son’s early years. (His son is Edward V. )

Question 24

What does Richard III declare?

Answer 24

All of Edward IV’s children with Queen Elizabeth are illegitimate.

Richard and his supporters argued that Edward IV had already been contracted to marry another woman, Lady Eleanor Butler, at the time of his marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, and therefore the latter marriage was not legal.

Question 25

Who was Elizabeth of York?

Answer 25

She was the daughter of Edward IV (the one who died of a sudden illness).

Her brothers were murdered in the tower.

Question 26

List the Yorkists

Answer 26