Warren lecture slide part 1.5 Flashcards
Memory Prediction model
Each level can make a prediction about what will happen next
- every level has access to stored patterns to make comparisons
The prediction travel up the hierarchy
- With each level saying “this is what you should be seeing next”
Good vision
drives Memory prediction model- your ability to see images accurately and completely drives the system
Overtime
Making the prediction requires ability to store pattern changes over time
- Can’t recognize a melody by hearing one note or understand a book by seeing one letter or word
Engage, Shift and sustain attention
The ability to engage, shift and sustain attention is critical to the success of processing
- Brain injury almost always diminishes the ability to sustain and shift attention
Functional application of vision
Brain areas work together in an extensive, complex, and dynamic network
Coritcal networks
Brain areas work together in hierarchical inter-connected network
- Neo cortex, archi-cortex, brainstem
Every part of the brain feeds forward and feeds back information
More projections feed information back than forward
- Always confirming information
- Helps brain predict outcome
Effects of brain injury
Network is vulnerable to diffuse axonal injury in TBI
- Individual neurons are sheared
- Superficial fascicle are easily injured
Those on a decided curve will experience more shearing and damage
Children
Developing pattern recognition
Developing visual memory
Developing rules for understanding space and objects
Children must build concepts
Adults
Developed pattern recognition
Developed visual memory
Developed rules for understanding space and objects
Adults must access concepts
Changes in visual processing following brain injury
Primarily result from changes in 4 areas of visual function
- Visual field
- Visual acuity/focusing
- Oculomotor control
- Visual attention
These functions control the availability of visual input to the frontal lobes
-And in doing that control the FL ability to direct our actions
Visual impairment following ABI
Causes
- disease/conditions
- Trauma
- Age
Can alter quality and amount of visual input into the brain or brain’s ability to process normal visual input
- Impairs ability to complete occupations
Consequences of visual impairment
Difficulty completing vision dependent ADL
Slowness- decreased information processing speed
Errors
Anxiousness and uncertainty responding to the environment
Decreased confidence in ability to complete activities
Increased passiveness in decision making
Purpose of evaluation
To develop an intervention plan
OT evaluates functional vision
- to understand how it hinders and facilitate occupational performance
Combines findings with other evaluation
- to identify strengths, weakness and determine rehab potential
Purpose of intervention
Participation
- enable client to participate in valued occupations
Achieved through interventions that enable clients to use vision as efficiently as possible
- By improving a deficient performance skill
- Creating a visible environment that supports participation
