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History > WARFARE THROUGH TIME > Flashcards

WARFARE THROUGH TIME Flashcards

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1
Q

Give three types of soldier that formed part of the composition of a medieval army.

A

Cavalry, Infantry & Artillery

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2
Q

How many soldiers were typically in Medieval armies?

A

10,000

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3
Q

What type of soldier was in decline during the medieval period?

A

Cavalry/Mounted Knight

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4
Q

What was the fire rate of a longbow?

A

12 per minute

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5
Q

Why did the use of longbows increase?

A

Range, Fire Rate, Effective against cavalry

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6
Q

What is the name of the formation used by William Wallace at Falkirk?

A

Schiltron

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7
Q

Give an advantage and disadvantage of gunpowder in the medieval period.

A

Cause lots of damage
unreliable & hard to move

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8
Q

Why did the mounted knight decline?

A

Armour, Increase of longbow, Invention of Schiltron

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9
Q

How long did feudal summons require someone to fight for?

A

40 days

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10
Q

How many knights actually answered the feudal summons?

A

1/6

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11
Q

What is the name given to the contract made between the king a knights to guarantee service?

A

Indentures

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12
Q

What year was the Statute of Winchester (extension of the assize of arms)?

A

1285

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13
Q

Which king introduced the longbow law?

A

Edward III

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14
Q

How did civilians suffer in medieval warfare?

A

Purveyance (Requisition & Quarter), Plundering

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15
Q

What was the Grand Chevauchee?

A

Biggest civilian killing during the period. Britain set alight to many French villages.

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16
Q

What year was the Battle of Naseby?

A

1645

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17
Q

Who were the leaders of the parliamentarian army?

A

Cromwell & Fairfax

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18
Q

Who had the most troops at Naseby?

A

Parliamentarians

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19
Q

Who initially had the high ground at Naseby?

A

Royalists

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20
Q

Who led the Royalists at Naseby?

A

Prince Rupert

21
Q

What major mistake did the Royalists make?

A

Left battlefield to raid baggage train but lost them high ground

22
Q

What was the name of Cromwell’s shock cavalry troops?

A

Ironsides

23
Q

By how much did the permanent army increase between 1700 & 1900?

A

50,000-200,000

24
Q

By 1850 what percentage of the army were infantry, cavalry and artillery?

A

75%
20%
5%

25
Q

What does BRASS stand for?

A

Breech Loading
Riffling
Ammunition
Steel Casing
Smokeless Powder

26
Q

What are percussion bullets?

A

Bullets with gunpowder inside so they can be used in all weathers

27
Q

Who invented the method of mass producing steel cheaply?

A

Bessemer

28
Q

How were soldier recruited at the start of the industrial period?

A

Kidnap, Blackmail, Getting people drunk

29
Q

What was the issues with early Industrial recruitment?

A

Low quality of soldiers being recruited

30
Q

How did training improve after 1850?

A

Military Schools

31
Q

How did the increased army size effect citizens?

A

Increased Taxation

32
Q

What were some of Cardwell’s Reforms?

A

Abolished Flogging
21 to 12 years service
Removed Purchase System

33
Q

What was William Howard Russel?

A

First war news reporter during Crimean War

34
Q

Who was Rodger Fenton

A

First war photographer during Crimean War

35
Q

How did civilian experience change during the industrial period?

A

Increased awareness of war and Taxes were increased

36
Q

How is WW1 different to previous wars?

A

Tanks
Machine Guns
Trench Warfare
Combined Arms
Conscription

37
Q

How have guns and tanks changed since WW1?

A

Increased speed and reliability

38
Q

What are PGMs and UAVs?

A

Precision Guided Missiles
Unmanned Arial Vehicle

39
Q

How did nuclear weapons change warfare?

A

Reduces army size
Increases civilian threat

40
Q

What is combined arms?

A

Using all your assets at once

41
Q

How has transport and communication changed in the modern period?

A

Boats and Planes
Radio

42
Q

What does Radar do?

A

Precisely locate targets on the battlefield

43
Q

How has the composition changed in the modern era?

A

55% specialisation

44
Q

When was conscription first introduced?

A

1916

45
Q

What was National Service?

A

Conscription during peace time

46
Q

How was recruitment different by the Iraq War?

A

Women could be recruited

47
Q

What were Zepplins?

A

Air balloon ships capable of bombing

48
Q

How did civilian experience change during WW2?

A

The Blitz

49
Q

How is civilian experience of war now different?

A

Terrorist and Nuclear Threat
More opposition to war as wider reporting

History (5 decks)

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