War & Division

Question 1

What was the Hossbach Memorandum?

Answer 1

A note compiled by Colonel Hossbach during a secret meeting between Hitler & his top military & political leaders on Nov 5th 1937.

Question 2

When was the Wannsee Conference?

Answer 2

Jan 20th 1942

Question 3

Who attended the conference at the Haus de Wannsee & what was it about?

Answer 3

Heydrich, Eichmann & other senior Nazi bureaucrats.

To create a plan for the ‘Final Solution’ - resettlement to extermination

Question 4

What was the economic impact of WW2?

Answer 4

Thousands were homeless
Food Shortages
Blackmarket was developing

Question 5

What date did Operation Barbarossa begin?

Answer 5

June 1941 - Hitler invades the USSR

Question 6

Which German army was destroyed at the Battle of Stalingrad?

Answer 6

the 6th Germany Army

Question 7

What happened at the Battle of the Bulge?

Answer 7

Dec 16th 1944, German forces launched a surprise attack on Allied forces residing in France, Luxemburg & Belgium. Lasted till Jan 16th 1945

Question 8

What were the trummerfrauen & what did they do?

Answer 8

They were women who helped to rebuild & repair Germany by clearing bombed sites (passed bricks to each other)

Question 9

When was the Yalta Conference?

Answer 9

Feb 1945

Question 10

What was agreed about Germany at Potsdam?

Answer 10

Germany would be divided into 4 zones

Germany would be disarmed & denazified

Question 11

How many Nazis received the Death Penalty in the British, French & American zones as part of Denazification?

Answer 11

approx 50,000

Question 12

Define:

SMAD

Answer 12

Soviet Military Administration in Germany
They aimed to destroy Nazism, they occupied key positions in local administration & arranged to appoint non-communist Mayors with communist deputies.

Question 13

Define:

ACC

Answer 13

Allied Controlled Council
Ran by the 4 powers - decided & implemented the 4D’s & controlled post-war Germany, brought little success due to arguments & deteriorating relationships

Question 14

What were the 4D’s?

Answer 14

Demilitarisation -Disbanding of all German troops and weapons.

Denazification -Removing symbolism and all trace of National Socialism from German society and life.

Decentralisation
-To remove the centre and go back to being more federal.

Democratisation -Reintroduction of democracy (voting/referendums & Party pluralism.)

Question 15

Full title:

CDU

Answer 15

Christian Democratic Union of Germany

Question 16

Full title:

KPD

Answer 16

Communist Party of Germany

Question 17

Full title:

SPD

Answer 17

Socialist Democratic Party of Germany

Question 18

Full title:

SED

Answer 18

Socialist Unity Party of Germany

Question 19

Define:

SAG’s

Answer 19

213 companies set up to produce goods for the USSR

Question 20

Define:

VEBs

Answer 20

People owned enterprises - Nationalised industries accounted for 76% of total industrial production

Question 21

When was Bizonia formed?

Answer 21

Jan 1947 - economic merge of the American & British zones

Renamed Trizonia in April 1949 when France joined

Question 22

How many flights took place during the Berlin Blockade which allowed West Berlin to survive?

Answer 22

279,000 - from June 1948 to May 1949

Question 23

Who implemented the economic policy of ‘Total War’?

When was this?

Answer 23

Speer

1943 - After Germany surrendered at Stalingrad

Question 24

How much did tank production increase by because of Speers Policy?

Answer 24

increased by 25%

Question 25

What were 3 aspects of ‘Total War’?

Answer 25

• Concentration Camp Prisoners were used as workers
• Ending the conscription of skilled workers
• Elimination of production that did not contribute to the war effort

Question 26

What limited the full economic improvement during Speer’s policy?

Answer 26

• Gauleiters could prevent Speers orders in their location
• The SS exploited the land gained from war by using it for personal use
• The Allied Bombing prevented an increase in production

Question 27

How many women made up the work force by Sept 1939?

Answer 27

37%

Question 28

What was implemented as a result of ‘War Economy’?

Answer 28

Economic Decrees that aimed to avoid Germany having the same problems as they had in WW1 (Dec 1939)

Question 29

Why were consumer good neglected by 1941?

Answer 29

55% of the workforce had to work on war-related projects as they were due to be finished by 1942

Question 30

By how much did the workforce decrease by as a result of the war?

Answer 30

Dropped by 4 million causing a labour shortage

Question 31

Was ‘War Economy’ successful?

Answer 31

Not fully - failed to mobilise adequately due to war starting in 1939, it was expected to start in 1942

Question 32

How many Germans were killed as a result of allied bombing?

Answer 32

600,000

Question 33

When was the Rationalisation Decree issued?

Answer 33

December 1941

Question 34

How many homes were destroyed in Germany because of the war?

Answer 34

20% of all homes

Question 35

What were some positives for Germany after defeat?

Answer 35

Had prospects to recover economically because of their well established banking system
Had a large industrial base which meant productivity could continue