War and Revolution Flashcards
How many people died in WWII?
27 million (13% population)
How many Russian soldiers were taken as prisoners of war and what happened when they were liberated?
5 million
Stalin viewed them as traitors for being captured and sent them to Gulags
What percentage of produce did the government take from collective farms during WWII?
90%
How many deserters were shot?
13,000
What was the nickname given to bread made with sawdust?
“Blockade bread”
Made as a result of meagre rations during the Second World War
Many resorted to cannibalism in extreme conditions
How many Russian soldiers switched sides to join the Germans during the battle of Stalingrad?
50,000
How did Russians mistreatment of non Russians during the war weaken relations with western allies?
During the march into Berlin, 2 million German women were raped
Katyn massacre 1940, 5000 polish officers massacred by the NKVD
When was the Nazi Soviet pact signed?
August 1939
When did the Russians invade Poland?
17th September 1939
When did the Germans launch operation Barbarossa?
December 1940
Invasion of the USSR
How did Nicholas II and Stalin have a similar approach to the war? What made Stalin’s successful?
Stalin became supreme commander of the military, similar to NII
Stalin however listened to military advisers
How much did communist party membership grow during WWII?
1941: 3.7 million
1945: 5.8 million
How much of Russias industry and agriculture did Germany occupy by 1942?
1/3
How much had the industry output declined by during WWII?
59% of its 1940 output
Why was the fourth five year plan successful?
Free labour (4 million POW)
Financial aid from other countries
How many died in the 1947 famine?
Around 2 million
