War 1778-1783

Question 1

What colonial victory convinced the French to join the war in aid of the Americans?

Answer 1

Saratoga

Question 2

What support did the French provide the colonists?

Answer 2

1. Arms and gunpowder
2. Financial support - 1 billion livres
3. French Generals such as Marquis de Lafayette

Question 3

When did Spain join the war?

Answer 3

1779

Question 4

Why did France joining the war threaten Britain?

Answer 4

Spread the conflict to other areas of the Empire - Africa, India and West Indies

Question 5

In 1778 the British had 65% of its army in America. What did this fall to in the early 1780s?

Answer 5

29%

Question 6

Who replaced General Howe as the key military leader in America?

Answer 6

General Clinton

Question 7

Which Prussian leader arrived in this period to help Washington train his forces?

Answer 7

Friedrich von Stauben

Question 8

Why did Clinton decided to pull British troops out of Philadelphia?

Answer 8

• 5000 troops taken from him and diverted to the Caribbean

Question 9

Which British General oversaw fighting in the south in this period?

Answer 9

General Cornwallis

Question 10

Which colonist figures were involved in the Battle of Yorktown?

Answer 10

Rochambeau and Lafayette (French)
Hamilton
Hercules Mulligan (spy in British army)

Question 11

Who replaced Lord North as British PM following the defeat at Yorktown?

Answer 11

Marquis of Rockingham

Question 12

What peace treaty ended the War of Independence?

Answer 12

Treaty of Paris

Question 13

What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris?

Answer 13

• British recognised American independence
• Return of loyalist property confiscated during the war
• Florida ceded to Spain