Wall part 3 Flashcards
Night blindness is a manifestation of which vitamin deficiency
Vitamin A
What enzyme increases pancreatic secretions, rich in digestive enzymes
CCK
what enzyme increases gastric motility
Gastrin
What is the syndrome that involves the gastrin-secreting tumour of the pancreas
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Warfarin
2,7,9,10 (long term)
Heparin
2,10 (short term)
What is rheumatic fever caused by
Strep pyogenes
If a patient had lung disease what would the crackles be like?
Coarse
If a patient had pulmonary oedema what would the crackles be like
Fine crackles
What enzyme do NSAIDS block and what do they reduce throughout the body
They block the COX enzyme and reduce prostaglandins throughout the body
What is the difference between Microcytic and Macrocytic anaemia
Microcytic anaemia- Iron deficient
Macrocytic anaemia- Vit B12/folate deficiency
What do you treat Gonorrhoea
ceftriaxone
At what level do the sympathetic nerves from the adrenal gland leave the spinal cord and where do they enter after this
T10-L1
Enter the abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves
What can cause a paradoxical rise in the JVP during inspiration
Constrictive pericarditis
What is the treatment for sepsis
B-blood culture U-urine culture F-fbc A-antibiotics L-liquids (fluids) O-oxygen
Which are the baroreceptors for the aortic arch and carotid sinus
aortic arch- Xth cranial nerve
Carotid sinus- IXth cranial nerve
What are the 4 stages that end in cirrhosis ( and their respective time frame)
2-3 days –> Fatty liver
4-6 weeks –> Hepatitis
Months- Years –> Fibrosis
Years –> Cirrhosis
What are the 4 stages of the platelet cascade
- Initiation
- Adhesion
- Activation
- Release of Activator
What are the causes of aortic stenosis (REC)
Rheumatic heart disease
Elderly calcification of tricuspid valve
Congenital calcification of bicuspid valve
pre-hepatic portal hypertension
Blockage of the portal vein before the liver due to portal vein thrombis
Intrahepatic portal hypertension
Due to distortion of the liver architecture e.g cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis, Budd Chiari syndrome
What do ribosomes consist of
DNA and proteins
When do troponin levels become visible in the blood
4-6 hours before it appears in the blood
The left atrium forms the majority of the base of the heart. True or false?
True
What is the formula for MAP
=CO x TRP
What is the formula for CO?
=SV x HR
ANA or anti-SMA is often positive/negative in autoimmune hep?
positive
