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Clinical Gross Anatomy > Walking and Gait Disorders > Flashcards

Walking and Gait Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 arches of the foot?

A

Transverse Arch
Medial Longitudinal Arch
Lateral Longitudinal Arch

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2
Q

What does a normal footprint look like?

A

Normal!

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3
Q

What are the two phases of the gait cycle?

A 
Stance Phase (60%)
Swing Phase (40%)
This happens on each leg, but for simplicity, we're only following the path of one.
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4
Q

Stance Phase

A

Weight Bearing

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5
Q

Stance Phase - Components

A 
Controlled Plantarflexion
Hip Extension
Continued Knee Extension
Continued Hip Extension
Continued Plantarflexion
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6
Q

Swing Phase

A

Non-Weight Bearing

Pelvis Stabilization & Ankle Dorsiflexion throughout

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7
Q

Swing Phase - Components

A 
Pelvis Stabilization
Hip Flexion
Ankle Dorsiflexion
Knee Flexion = Gravity, apparently
Knee Flexion
Continued All of the Above
Knee Extension
Continued Stabilization of Pelvis & Dorsiflexion
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8
Q

Gait Disorders - General Causes

A

Diseases of peripheral nervous system
Intervertebral Disc Herniation
Trauma
Arthritis

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9
Q

Gait Disorders - Specific Conditions

A

Slap Gait, Steppage Gait (Foot Drop)
Quadriceps Gait
Gluteus Maximus Lurch
Iliopsoas Gait

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10
Q

Slap Gait, Steppage Gait (Foot Drop)

A 
All from weakness, paralysis of ankle dorsiflexors
Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve - Sciatic or common peroneal nerves too
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11
Q

Quadriceps Gait

A

Damage to femoral nerve

Unable to extend knee

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12
Q

Gluteus Maximus Lurch

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve damage
Unable to extend at hip,
Trunk falls forward

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13
Q

Iliopsoas Gait

A

Ventral Rami of L1, L2, L3 compromise the Iliopsoas

Abductors used to clear the ground

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14
Q

What’s the point of all these cross sections?

A

To give you a different way to visualize the spatial relationships between 3D shapes that intertwine in complicated ways!

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15
Q

Let’s follow the path of the cephalic and basilic veins!

A

Yay!

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16
Q

Proximal

A

Cephalic Vein is in the deltopectoral groove.

17
Q

More Distal

A

Cephalic Vein is further lateral and in the superficial fascia.
Basilic Vein is in the Anterior Compartment

18
Q

Most Distal

A

Basilic Vein is in the Superficial Fascia

19
Q

Piece these together to visualize

A

Cephalic vein travels from the deltopectoral groove to travel laterally and further superficial as it travels down the arm.
Basilic vein moves more superficially as it travels down the arm as well.

20
Q

Steps for Embryonic Development of Limbs

A

Upper Limb Appears
Lower Limb Appears
Compartments - Flexors are Ventral, Extensors are Dorsal
Digital Rays Appear - Apoptosis, syndactyly
Limbs Lengthen
Limbs Rotate in opposite directions, elbows and knees oppositesies

Clinical Gross Anatomy (1 decks)

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