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DCF > W7 > Flashcards

W7 Flashcards

1
Q

Data is divided into two layers:

A
  • Logical Link Layer

- Media Access Layer

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2
Q

CSMA/CD Protocol - CS:

A

Carrier Sense:

Each computer NIC listens to the noise level on the line, when the noise is low, it sends data.

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3
Q

CSMA/CD Protocol - MA:

A

Multiple Access:

Nothing preventing 2 computers to send data at the same time, if they do, collision and data is lost.

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4
Q

CSMA/CD Protocol - CD:

A

Collision Detection:
Each computer NIC listens to the noise level and if it detects a spike in noise, a collision has occurred. Both devices stop sending, special packet sent to delete transmission.

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5
Q

CSMA/CA:

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance:

The station ready to transmit a frame, senses the medium by checking the energy level at the carrier frequency.

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6
Q

IFS:

A

Interframe Space:
Collisions are avoided by deferring transmission even if the channel is found idle. When an idle channel is found, the station does not send immediately. It waits for a period of time called IFS.

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7
Q

Contention window:

A

An amount of time divided into slots.

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8
Q

Acknowledgment:

A

There may still be a collision, and data may also be corrupted during the transmission.

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9
Q

Switch:

A

Networking hardware that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to receive and forward data to the destination device.

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10
Q

Two fundamental techniques of switching:

A

Circuit Switching

Packet Switching

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11
Q

Circuit Switching:

A

Requires establishing a path, transmitting the data and disconnecting the circuit.

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12
Q

Packet Switching:

A

Most popular form of connection.

  • Large messages fragmented into smaller messages, each one individually addressed
  • On demand resource allocation.

Includes datagram switching (network layer), and virtual circuits (datalink layer)

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13
Q

Router:

A
  • Determines best path for packet
  • Internet Layer Device
  • Connects multiple IP networks to exchange packets
  • Many alternate paths
  • Maintains routing table for finding best path
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14
Q

Subnet mask:

A

Divides the IP address into a network address and host address. One part identifies the host (computer), the other part identifies the network to which it belongs.

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15
Q

Traditional Network devices:

A
  • Control Plane and Data Plane are in same hardware

- All the network devices were controlled separately

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16
Q

Network Virtualization:

A
  • Control Plane and Data Plane are separated
  • Control Planes are centralized virtually under SDN (software development network)
  • Network administrator can manage, add, modify networking activities very fast
  • Improved cloud networking and security.
17
Q

Network Virtualization (NV) Benefits:

A
  • Increase time of network supplying from weeks to minutes
  • With automation, greater efficiency in network operation is achieved
  • Network workloads can be placed separate from the physical topology
  • Improved networking security
18
Q

MPLS:

A

Multiprotocol Label Switching:

  • Switches that function at layer 3
  • Adds MAC address to frame to pass frame to next link
  • Must recalculate the FCS (Frame Check Sequence)
  • Simplifies routing by making it more like switching
19
Q

HOW MPLS sends a packet:

A
  • Calculates best route called “label-switched path”
  • Path assigned to unique address
  • MLPS header added between LAN and IP header
  • Each address unique within the data network
20
Q

VOIP:

A

Voice over Internet Protocol:

  • VoIP apps growing in business sector
  • Business deals with one network
  • Increases mobility
  • Increases worker collaboration
  • Improves customer relations
21
Q

VoIP Applications - Client/Server Architecture:

A
  • Requires real time transmission
  • Uses UDP (user datagram protocol) combined with RTP (real time protocol)
  • Adds header between UDB header and application message
  • Header adds a sequence number and timestamp to avoid jitter

DCF (4 decks)

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