W3 - TEST Flashcards
IT + Be + Adjective + That Clause
IT + Be + Adjective + Infinitive
IT + Be + Adjective + For + Subject + Infinitive
IT appears/seems + that clause
IT may/might/could be that
IT may/might/could be + Adjective + For + Subject + Infinitive
It is unfortunate that many medical sites….
It is now very common to visit medical sites…
It is better for most people to avoid researching their….
It seems that more people…
It may be that disclamers would….
It could be effective for doctors to suggest reliabe websites….
In the simple present and simple past tenses, we use DO as a helping verb when we have a different main verb.
Do you think kids are cute? / Do you want to have kids some day? / Does the boy tease the girl often?
Did you tease your sister when you were a kid? Did you fight with your brother when you were younger? Did your mother get mad at you for acting like this?
We use BE as our verb when we do not have another verb in the simple present or past tense.
Typically, BE is followed by an adjective, a noun, or a prepositional phrase.
Are these kids cute? Are these kids typical kids? Are these kids in trouble?
Were they angry? Were they bad kids? Were they on the playground or at home?
Do you know this man? Is he famous(adj)? What was his job(n)? Does he still have the same job? Is he at an important(adj) ceremony? Did you watch this on TV?
Is he a student(n)? What is his major(adj)? Where is he right now at home(pf) or at school(pf)? Does he have a big test soon? Is he nervous(n)? Did he study enough?
Reduced Adverb Clauses of Opposition
Though he had a lot of money, he didn’t have many friends. = Though having a lot of money, he didn’t have many friends.
Although she was beautiful, she still felt shy. = Although beautiful, she still felt shy.
Reduced Adverb Clauses of Time(Before/After/Since)
Keep the time word->Remove the subject->Change the verb to the gerund form OR use a noun
After he took the test, he slept for a long time. = After taking the test, he slept for a long time OR After the test, he slept for a long time.
Since I moved to Rochester, I have gone to the Philharmonic numerous times. = Since moving to Rochester, I have gone to the Philharmonic numerous times.
Reduced Adverb Clauses of Time(As)
Delete “as”->Remove the subject->Change the verb to the gerund form
As I was falling asleep, I thought about my friends in Italy. = Falling asleep, I thought about my friends in Italy.
As she was driving to work, she saw a deer in the road. = Driving to work, she saw a deer in the road.
Reduced Adverb Clauses of Time(As soon as)
Delete as soon as and replace with “upon” or “on”->Remove the subject->Change the verb to the gerund form
As soon as she finished the report, she gave it to the boss. = Upon finishing the report, she gave it to the boss.
As soon as we woke up, we got our fishing poles and went to the lake. = On waking up, we got our fishing poles and went to the lake.
Reducing Adverb Clauses of Causality(Because/Since/As)
Remove the subordinating conjunction->Remove the subject->Change the verb to the gerund form
Because he was late, he drove to work. = Being late, he drove to work.
Since she was tired, she slept in late. = Being tired, she slept in late.
When using the negative form of the verb, place “not” before the gerund when reducing.
As he didn’t want to disturb her, he left the room quickly. = Not wanting to disturb her, he left the room quickly.
Because she didn’t understand the question, she asked the teacher for some help. = Not understanding the question, she asked the teacher for some help.
Reducing Adverb Clauses of Opposition(though/although/while)
Keep the subordinating conjunction->Remove the subject and the verb “be”->Keep the noun or adjective->OR change the verb to the gerund form
(adjective)While he was a happy man, he had many serious problems. = While happy, he had many serious problems.
(noun)Though she was an excellent student, she failed to pass the test. =Though an excellent student, she failed to pass the test.
(gerund)Although he had a car, he decided to walk. = Although having a car, he decided to walk.
Reduced Adverb Clauses of Causality
Because she was late, she excused herself at the meeting. = Being late, she excused herself.
As Tom had extra work to do, he stayed late at work. = Having extra work to do, Tom stayed late at work.
