W2 Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

_________ or focalism is a cognitive bias for an individual to rely too heavily on an initial piece of
information offered (known as the “anchor”) when making decisions..

A

Anchoring

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2
Q

__________ describes technology platforms that, broadly speaking, are based on the
scientific disciplines of artificial intelligence and signal processing. These platforms encompass machine
learning, reasoning, natural language processing, speech recognition and vision (object
recognition), human–computer interaction, dialog and narrative generation, among other technologies.

A

Cognitive Computing

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3
Q

__________ compares business processes and performance metrics to industry bests and best
practices from other companies. In project management benchmarking can also support the selection,
planning and delivery of projects.

A

Benchmarking

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4
Q

_______ is the reduction of bias, particularly with respect to judgment and decision making. Biased
judgment and decision-making is that which systematically deviates from the prescriptions of objective
standards such as facts, logic, and rational behavior or prescriptive norms.

A

Debiasing

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5
Q

______ is the network of devices, vehicles, and home appliances that
contain electronics, software, actuators, and connectivity which allows these things to connect, interact
and exchange data.

A

Internet of Things – (IoT)

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6
Q

____________ is the study of algorithms and statistical models that computer systems use to
progressively improve their performance on a specific task. This tool for algorithms build a
mathematical model of sample data, known as “training data”, in order to make predictions or decisions
without being explicitly programmed to perform the task.

A

Machine learning (ML)

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7
Q

Is a branded graphical presentation developed and used by the American research,
advisory and information technology firm Gartner to represent the maturity, adoption, and social
application of specific technologies. The hype cycle provides a graphical and conceptual presentation of
the maturity of emerging technologies through five phases (Technology Trigger, Peak of Inflated
Expectations, Trough of Disillusionment, Slope of Enlightenment, Plateau of Productivity).

A

Hype Cycle

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8
Q

Is a tool for analyzing competition of a business. It draws from industrial
organization (IO) economics to derive five forces that determine the competitive intensity and,
therefore, the attractiveness (or lack of it) of an industry in terms of its profitability.

A

Porter’s Five Forces Framework

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9
Q

Profitability

A

The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.

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10
Q

Is a system of many tiny microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) such as sensors, robots, or
other devices, that can detect, for example, light, temperature, vibration, magnetism, or chemicals.

A

SmartDust

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11
Q
A
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