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Medical Microbiology > W17 - Introduction to Medical Mycology > Flashcards

W17 - Introduction to Medical Mycology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What kind of Fungal infections are listed below?

Trichophyton (+ others) Athletes Foot
Tenia Carporis
Histoplasmosis
Tinea Barbae
Sporotrochosis

A

Cutaneous/Subcutaneous Fungal infections - Caused by TRUE (PRIMARY) pathogens.

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2
Q

Which Human fungal pathogen does Systemic Infection comes under?

A

TRUE (PRIMARY) PATHOGEN

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3
Q

Systemic Infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis (Dimorphic fungi)

List the symptoms for ‘Chronic Pulmonary Blastomycosis’

A

-Anorexia
-Weight loss
-Cough
-Haemoptysis
-Night sweating

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4
Q

Name the Species causes Opportunistic infections

A

Candida Species / Candidiasis

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5
Q

Define Mycology

A

Brunch of biology concerned = study of fungi.

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6
Q

Define Medical Mycology

A

A branch of mycology (brunch, study of fungi) concerned in HUMANS.

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7
Q

What are 4 types of fungal disease

A
  • Superficial
  • Cutaneous
  • Subcutaneous
  • Systemic
  • Opportunistic
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8
Q

Where is Anatomic locations of the 4 types of fungal diseases?

A
  1. Superficial = Hair shaft, dead layer of skin
  2. Cutaneous = Epidermis, hair, nails
  3. Subcutaneous = Dermis, subcutis
  4. Systemic = Internal Organs
  5. Opportunistic = Internal Organs
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9
Q

The representative disease ‘Blastomycosis’ is caused by which type of fungal disease?

A

Systemic

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10
Q

What Causative organisms can cause infection in the virginal tract?

A

Candida + Aspergillus organisms

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11
Q

List the Characteristics of Fungal Cell wall.

A
  • Chitin microfibrils [ß(1-4)-linked polymer of N-acetylglucosamine]
  • ß-linked glucans
  • Glycoprotein
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12
Q

What is plasma membrane of fungal is made of?

A

Ergosterol

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of Fungi?

A
  1. MOULDS
  2. DIMORPHIC
  3. YEAST
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14
Q

Name the morphological structure of Moulds?

A
  • Filamentous
  • Multicellular
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15
Q

What are the two main structure of Moulds?

A

Hyphae + Mycelium

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16
Q

Name 2 example of non-pathogenic organism of Yeasts.

A
  1. Saccharomyces, bakers’ yeast -non-pathogenic.
  2. Cryptococcus Neoformans.
17
Q

What are the two types of human fungal pathogens determines by types of disease?

A

TRUE (PRIMARY) PATHOGENS
OPPORTUNISTICS PATHOGENS

18
Q

How does fungal/Yeast pathogens divides?

A

Asexual Reproduction + BUDDING

19
Q

Yeast cell divides by budding through N…F…

A

Nuclear Fission

20
Q

What is Dimorphic Fungi?

A

A type of Yeast - Forms - Filaments = Dimorphism.

21
Q

List the types of clinical samples can be collected to further examine, specific pathogen?

A
  • Sputum,
  • pus,
  • blood,
  • spinal fluid,
  • bronchioalveolar lavage,
  • urine, tissue biopsy or skin scrapping
22
Q

What are the diagnoses of fungal infection?

A
  • Skin test
  • serology,
  • microscopic examination of tissue samples and results of culture from clinical samples.
23
Q

List the symptoms of ‘Chronic pulmonary Blastomycosis’ (TRUE (PRIMARY) PATHOGEN DHIMORPHIC)

A
  • Anorexia
  • Weight loss
  • Cough
  • Haemoptysis
  • Night sweating
24
Q

True or False: ‘Fungi is more commonly infects humans then plants’

A

False: Fungi commonly infects plants but closer to humans.

25
Q

What is the percentage of Fungi infecting in plants?

A

70%

26
Q

Name a causative organism for Opportunistic fungal disease.

A
  • Cryptococcus
  • Candida
  • Aspergillus
  • Pneumocystis
27
Q

What is the temperature for Dimorphic fungi to exist?

A

37%

28
Q

Give two examples of Moulds fungi

A
  • Aspergillus sps
    -Trichophyton rubrum
29
Q

Why Animal and Fungi cell similar?

A
  • Both store carbon/energy as glycogen in cells (not starch like plants)
  • Non-photosynthetic, generally saprophytic.
  • Have CHITIN = The major structural component of fungi cells.
30
Q

Fungi are multicellular organism except…

A

Yeast

31
Q

List the Characteristics of a Fungi?

A
  • Multicellular organisms, except yeast.
  • Eukaryotes
  • Heterotrophs:
  • Cannot make their own food,
  • feed by absorbing their food.
  • Saprophytes: obtain food from decaying matter.
  • Parasites: feed on host, harm to host
  • Symbionts/mutualistic forms: live in close association with an organism of another species, mutual benefit.
  • Commensals: live in close association with an organism of another species, unilateral benefit.
  • Cell walls.
  • Reproduce by spores.
  • Need moist, warm places to grow.

Medical Microbiology (1 decks)

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