W12 Flashcards
What does CAMBRA stand fir
caries management by risk assessment
what is the GV Black theory
Relied on a sharp probe
class 1 =pits and fissures of posterior teeth and lingual surfaces of anterior teeth
class 2 = caries on proximal surfaces of posterior teeth
class 3 = caries on proximal surfaces of anterior teeth but not incisal edges
class 4 = caries on proximal surfaces of anterior teeth plus incisal edges
class 5 = caries on gingival third of any tooth
what is the Pitts and fyffe classification
D1 - enamel lesion no cavity
D2 - enamel lesion cavity
D3 - dentin lesion cavity
D4 - dentin lesion cavity to pulp
what is the mount and hume classification
considers carious lesion by site and size
first number = site
second = size
what is the classification according to site, activity and extent
3 classifications
1- anatomical (some teeth/ sites are more susceptible)
2 - Activity (is it progressing)
3- Extent (how big/progggressed)
What does ICDAS stand for
international caries detection assessment system
what are the classifications for ICDAS
looks at histological changes
ICDAS 1 - visible when dry
ICDAS 2 - visible when wet
ICDAS 3 - initial enamel breakdown
ICDAS 4 - shadow from dentin
ICDAS 5 - Cavity with visable dentin
ICDAS 6 - Really big cavity
whats the differences bewteen pitts and fyffe and ICDAS
ICDAS is better as it looks at the histological changes, colour and texture rather than just if it has enamel, dentin or pulp
what are the three examination tools for dental caries
visual info (tooth dried, good light and mag)
tactile info (blund probe)
Diagnostic technology (radiographs, laser, light dyes)
what is validation
the degree to which a test precisly measures what it is supposed to measure
what is sensitivity
high sensitivity, the ability to test correctly when the disease is present
what is specificity
high specificity which is the ability to say there is no disease when there in fact is not
what are the three types of caries lesions
1 - free smooth surface lesions
2 - pits and fissure lesions
3 - approximal lesions
what are free smooth surface lesions
smooth surface - no pits of fissures
occurs in areas where plaque collects (between teeth, along gumline in difficult to clean areas)
what are pit and fissure lesions
pit is a small depression in a tooth
fissures are the grooves
what are approximal lesions
location and adjacent teeth make it more difficult for us to clean
what are early lesions
detect with vision (wet or dry)
not visable on radiographs
need to have clean surface, good light and magnification
hard to detect on approximal surfaces
what are cavitated lesions
also detected by vision
ICDAS 3, 4, 5, 6
what do active lesions tend to be
plaque covered
chalky/matt appearance
yellow/brown
soft/leathery to probe
close to gingival margin
what do arrested lesions tend to be
plaque free
shiny
dark brown
hard to probe
glossy to feel
what is the sensitivity rate in radiographs
50-70%
what is the specifity rate in radiographs
90%
what is the ICDAS radiographic scoring system
0- no radiolucency
RA inital stage - RA1, RA2, RA3
RB moderate stage RB4
RC extensive stage RC5, RC6
what is RA1
radiolucency in the outer 1/2 of the enamel
what is RA2
Radiolucency in the inner 1/2 of enamel plus EDJ
What is RA3
radiolucency limited to the outer 1/3 of dentin
What is RA4
radiolucency reaching the middle 1/3 of dentin
What is RA5
radiolucency reaching the inner 1/3 of dentin - clinically cavitated
what is RA6
radiolucency into the pulp - clinically cavitated
Notation of ICDAS
ICDAS = ICDAS radiographic code #
Five point system = ICDAS radiographic code R#
what are the four light assessments
transillumination
fibre optic transillumination
laser light
quantitative fluorescence
what is transillumination
light reflected from lamp then reflected by mirror
used for proximal surfaces and anterior teeth
what is fibre optic transillumination
very intense light source
probe or wand, where a light source shines through with a minimal exit diameter
used for anterioor teeth with high specificity and sensitivity levels
what is laser light
takes advangtage of enamel with certain degree of autofluoresce
greater frquency=higher flouresence = more mature eary lesion
Diagnodent
has high sensitivity and low specificity = more false positive diagnosis
what is quantitative fluoresence (QLF)
fluoresces entire tooth
shows differences in fluorences in carious lesion and surrounding or adjacent tooth structure
able to distinguish enamel lesions because demineralised hard dental tissue loses autoflurecense
mouthwash stains what percent of people
3%
