W10: Antituberculars

Question 1

What is the difference between first line and second line TB drugs?

Answer 1

First line: more effective, less toxic and cheaper. First line is used to treat treatment-naive patients

Question 2

Name two first line line TB drugs

Answer 2

Isoniazid and rifampin

Question 3

What was the first oral TB drug and how does it work?

Answer 3

Isoniazid (INH) Inhibits cell wall synthesis of TB and blocks pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) which is necessary for intracellular enzyme production

Question 4

What is an adverse reaction of isoniazid and how is it reduced?

Answer 4

Peripheral neuropathy - pyridoxine is taken concurrently to reduce chances of developing

Question 5

Isoniazid is contraindicated in patients with:

Answer 5

Hepatic injury, acute liver disease and pancreatitis

Question 6

Can isoniazid be taken with food?

Answer 6

No, must be administered 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.

Question 7

Can patients on isoniazid drink alcohol?

Answer 7

No - increase risk of hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy

Question 8

Patients taking Isoniazid should have regular labs drawn to monitor for

Answer 8

elevated liver enzymes

Question 9

Rifampin can cause _____ in bodily fluids.

Answer 9

Red-orange color

Question 10

Which drugs are used for TB prophylaxis?

Answer 10

Isoniazid, isoniazid + rifapentine, and rifampin