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Biomechanics > W1 & W2 - Linear Kinematics > Flashcards

W1 & W2 - Linear Kinematics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the motion analysis systems

A

Passive marker systems

Active marker systems

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2
Q

What 4 main variables are used to describe translatory (linear) motion?

A

Position

Distance

Displacement

Velocity/Acceleration

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3
Q

Define angular motion

A

Motion about a given point so that diff regions of the same body part/object don’t move through the same distance in a given time.

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4
Q

Rectilinear translation

A

Body travels in a straight path

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5
Q

What are the variables of interest of kinematic analysis?

A

Position

Velocity

Acceleration

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6
Q

Scalar or vector for displacement?

A

Vector

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7
Q

Whats the standard index of frequency

A

Hertz (Hz)

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8
Q

What is kinesiology?

A

Scientific study of human movement

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9
Q

Define translational motion

A

Motion in a straight or curved line in which diff regions of the same object move the same distance.

i.e forward hand movement during hockey pass

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10
Q

What is the sampling frequency

A

No. of frames/pictures per second of data

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11
Q

Define movement/motion

A

Change in place, position or posture, relative to a point in the env.

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12
Q

What can biomechanical analysis be used for?

A

Understanding human locomotion in sport + health context

Understand causes of injury

Monitor injury prevention/rehab

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13
Q

What does a biomechanical analysis evaluate?

A

Motion of a living organism

Effect of forces on a living organism

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14
Q

Displacement

A

Length of straight line joining its initial + final positions, taking note of the direction.

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15
Q

Is kinesiology considered to be mostly qualitative or quantitative?

A

Qualitative

i.e breakdown of a skill + ID muscular contributions

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16
Q

How is velocity calculated

A

Displacement / time

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17
Q

What are the 2 ways in which temporal + spatial characteristics can be described?

A

Qualitative

Quantitative

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18
Q

What is velocity

A

Rate of change in position

19
Q

Define position

A

Location in space rel to a reference

20
Q

What can systems be?

A

Static

Dynamic

21
Q

Define static systems

A

Systems that are or aren’t moving at a constant speed.

In equilibrium.

22
Q

Curvilinear translation

A

Body travels in a curved path

23
Q

What are the types of translational motion

A

Rectilinear

Curvilinear

24
Q

Define dynamic systems

A

Systems that are being accelerated

25
Q

Give examples of angular motion

A

Flexion of knee during running

Rotation of body during a somersault

Rotation of body around a high bar

26
Q

What are the ways to collect kinematic data

A

Motion analysis systems

Motion capture systems

27
Q

What is scaling?

A

Conversion of measured distance into real units

i.e 70mm on screen to 0.6m in reality

28
Q

Relate gymnast rotating about a high bar to angular motion

A

To make a full revolution, the feet travel a much greater distance than the head.

29
Q

Number of pictures per second

A

Frames/field

30
Q

What characteristics does movement have?

A

Temporal

Spatial

31
Q

What can kinetic analyses provide info about?

A

How a movement was produced + how a position was maintained

32
Q

Spatial characteristics of movement

A

Direction + path of motion w. respect to the 3D area in which all things move.

i.e 50 degree angle of release

33
Q

What are the 2 types of motion present in human movement?

A

Translational + angular

34
Q

What are the standard index units

A

Distances (m)

Time (s)

35
Q

Active marker systems

A

Emit infrared light back to the system collecting them.

36
Q

What can the forces in kinetics be?

A

Internal (muscle + bones)

External (Ground reaction force)

37
Q

Give an example of a motion capture system

A

An Accelerometer

38
Q

Is biomechanics considered to be mostly qualitative or quantitative?

A

Quantitative

39
Q

What does digitisation effectively do?

A

Turns qualitative video into a quantitate one

40
Q

What does kinematic analysis provide value for?

A

How fast, high or far an object travels…

41
Q

Passive marker systems

A

Reflective markers placed on the body

42
Q

Temporal characteristics of movement

A

Duration of action

Time at which action occurs

43
Q

Acceleration

A

Rate of change of velocity

Change in velocity / change in time

Biomechanics (8 decks)

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