[W1] Key anatomical concepts Flashcards
what is the anatomical position?
refers to the positioning of the body:
- standing upright and facing forward
- each arm hanging on either side of the body
- the palms facing forward
- The legs are parallel
- feet flat on the floor and facing forward
what is a plane?
imaginary flat surface passing through body
how many planes are there?
3
what are the 3 planes?
- coronal (or frontal)
- transverse (or cross-sectional)
- sagittal plane
what is the coronal (or frontal) plane?
Vertical plane dividing the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts
what is the transverse (or cross-sectional) plane?
Horizontal plane dividing the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) parts
what is the sagittal plane?
Parallel to midsagittal, but left or right of midsagittal; divides structure into unequal portions
what is the midsagittal (or median) plane?
Vertical plane dividing the body into equal left and right halves
what does anterior mean?
in front
what does posterior mean?
behind
what does dorsal mean?
back
what does ventral mean?
front
what does medial mean?
middle
what does lateral mean?
side
what does proximal mean?
close to
what does distal mean?
away from
what does prone mean?
the person lies flat with the chest down and the back up
what does supine mean?
lying on the back with the face pointing upward
what are the 2 main regions the body is divided into?
- axiel region: head, neck and trunk
- appendicular region: upper and lower limbs
what are the 4 main body cavities?
- Cranial cavity
- Thoracic cavity
- Abdominal cavity
- Pelvic cavity
how many vertebrae are in the spine?
33
what are the divisions of the vertebrae?
- Cervical: C1-7
- Thoracic: T1-12
- Lumbar: L1-5
- Sacral: S1-5 fused
- Coccygeal: Co4 fused
what are all the nerves in the spinal cord?
- Cervical: C1-C8
- Thoracic: T1-T12
- Lumbar: L1-L5
- Sacral: S1-S5
- Coccygeal: Co1
how many regions of nerves are in the spinal cord?
5
