W1: Introduction to Biochemistry

Question 1

________ is a characteristic of a substance that describes the way the substance undergoes or resists change to form a new substance.

Answer 1

Chemical property

Question 2

What Changes are associated with chemical properties?

Answer 2

Interaction of a substance with one or more substances. eg. Gold objects resist change when exposed to air for long periods of time. The lack of reactivity of gold with air is a chemical property of gold.

Question 3

What triggers Decomposition?

Answer 3

When there is a presence of energy such as heat or light.

Question 4

__________ is a single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means.

Answer 4

pure substance

Question 5

_____________ is a physical combination of two or more pure substances in which each
substance retains its own chemical identity.

Answer 5

mixture

Question 6

___________ is the study of the chemical substances found in living organisms and the chemical interactions of these substances with each other.

Answer 6

Biochemistry

Question 7

__________ is a chemical substance found within a living organism.

Answer 7

biochemical substance

Question 8

What are bioinorganic substances?

Answer 8

Substances that do not contain carbon such as water and inorganic salts.

Question 9

What are bioorganic substances?

Answer 9

Substances that contain carbon such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.

Question 10

How does photosynthesis work?

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil are the reactants, and sunlight absorbed by chlorophyll is the energy source.

Question 11

All life processes consist of chemical
reactions catalyzed by _________

Answer 11

enzymes

Question 12

_______ is the most important
carbohydrate in biochemistry.

Answer 12

Glucose

Question 13

how are the cells derive energy from oxidation of glucose?

Answer 13

through glycolysis, citric acid
cycle, and oxidative
phosphorylation

Question 14

organisms are divided into two
main groups

Answer 14

Prokaryote, Eukaryote

Question 15

What are the five kingdoms?

Answer 15

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Question 16

This includes prokaryotic organisms;
includes bacteria and
cyanobacteria

Answer 16

Monera

Question 17

This includes unicellular eukaryotes:
yeast, Euglena, Volvox, Amoeba,
and Paramecium

Answer 17

Protista

Question 18

If prokaryotes have no chloroplasts how does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 18

Photosynthesis localized in chromatopores

Question 19

What is Endocytosis?

Answer 19

a general term describing a process by which cells absorb external material by engulfing it with the cell membrane. Endocytosis is usually subdivided into pinocytosis and phagocytosis.

Question 20

It involves the ingestion of solid material

Answer 20

phagocytosis

Question 21

is the ingestion of surrounding fluid(s).

Answer 21

pinocytosis