W1 C1 P.P. - What Is Nutrition?

Question 1

Nutrients

Answer 1

The chemical compounds in foods to provide fuel for energy, growth, and maintenance to regulate body growth processes.

Question 2

The Six Nutrient Classes

Answer 2

Carbohydrates, lipids (fats), proteins, vitamims, minerals, water

Question 3

Kilocalories

Answer 3

Kilocalories=Calories

Question 4

What regulates body processes (Ex. Metabolism)?

Answer 4

Vitamans, minerals, water

Question 5

What classes provide energy as kilograms?

Answer 5

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Question 6

Strongest food determinant for Americans?

Answer 6

Taste

Question 7

Food choice drivers?

Answer 7

Taste
Social reasons/trends
Cost/time/convenience
Habits/emotions

Question 8

Nutrition

Answer 8

The study of how foods’ nutrients and compounds nourish/help/affect the body.

Question 9

Macronutrients

Answer 9

Energy-yielding nutrients needed in higher amounts (Carbohydrates, lipids [fats] , proteins

Question 10

Micronutrients

Answer 10

Needed in smaller amounts (Vitamins, minerals)

Question 11

Amount of water needed?

Answer 11

Copious amounts daily

Question 12

Molecular build up of macronutrients

Answer 12

-Are organic compounds (contain carbon atoms)
-contain hydrogen & oxygen atoms
-Proteins contain nitrogen atoms

Question 13

What do carbohydrates supply?

Answer 13

Glucose

Question 14

What do fats do?

Answer 14

• Cushion organs
• insulate body

Question 15

Proteins can provide energy but are primarily for…

Answer 15

• Growth and maintenance of muscle, tissues, organs
• Making certain hormones, most enzymes, and healthy immune system
• Transporting other nutrients

Question 16

1 gram of carbohydrate or protein is how many calories?

Answer 16

4 calories

Question 17

1 gram of fat is how many calories?

Answer 17

9 calories

Question 18

Why are vitamins and minerals essential for metabolism?

Answer 18

Many assist enzymes in speeding up chemical reactions in the body

Question 19

What are vitamins?

Answer 19

Organic compounds that usually have to be obtained from food.

Question 20

What are minerals?

Answer 20

Inorganic substances.

Question 21

What body processes is water vital for?

Answer 21

• Part of fluid medium inside of cells
• Helps chemical reactions
• Helps maintain body temperature
• Key role in transporting nutrients and oxygen to cells and removing waste products.
• Lubricate for joints, eyes, mouth, and intestinal tract.
• Protective cushion for organs

Question 22

A well balanced diet includes…

Answer 22

Essential nutrients from all six classes + fiber and phytochemicals (which help fight diseases)

Question 23

Fiber

Answer 23

The portion of plant foods that isn’t digested in the small intestine.

Question 24

Phytochemicals

Answer 24

Nonnutritive compound in plant foods that may play a role in fighting chronic diseases.

Question 25

The average American diet is…

Answer 25

• High in added sugar, sodium, saturated fat, and calories.
• Low in Vitamin D, calcium, potassium, and fiber (woman fall short of iron)

Question 26

Obesity Rates in America

Answer 26

• 70% of adults are overweight and 40% are obese
• 16% of children (2-19) are obese

Question 27

Observational Research

Answer 27

Looking at factors of two or more groups to see if there is a relationship of certain health outcomes

Question 28

Epidemiological Research

Answer 28

Study of populations of people

Question 29

Experimental Research

Answer 29

Require experimental group and control group