W1 Building Blocks 1 and 2: Nucleotides

Question 1

what are the three components of a nucleotide?

Answer 1

a nitrogen containing base (purine or pyrimidine), pentose 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and phosphate (either one, two or three)

Question 2

where is the OH group in RNA?

Answer 2

on 2’ C

Question 3

what does DNA have instead of an OH group on 2’ C like RNA?

Answer 3

just a H

Question 4

what is a pyrimidine, name three?

Answer 4

a single ring composed of four carbon and two nitrogen atoms, cytosine, thymine (DNA) and uracil (RNA)

Question 5

what is a purine, name two?

Answer 5

they have a double ring structure of carbon and nitrogen, adenine, guanine

Question 6

what is ATP?

Answer 6

adenosine triphosphate (adenine and the sugar and phosphates linked by phosphoanhydride)

Question 7

what are the kJ/mol of ATP bonds?

Answer 7

hydrolysis of the ester linkage = 14kJ/mol
hydrolysis of a anhydride bond = 30kJ/mol

Question 8

what is ATP regenerated by?

Answer 8

ADP and Pi

Question 9

how much ATP is generated by a human in 24h?

Answer 9

100g of ATP, each molecule recycled 500-750 times in a day