vulnerabilty Flashcards
definition of vulnerability
A person is vulnerable if, as a result of their situation or circumstances, they are unable to take care or protect themselves or others from harm or exploitation
role as a police officer with vulnerability
observe and identify signs of vulnerability.
“is anyone at risk per the definition?”
- assess the signs of vulnerability
- deal with the immediate situation
- refer to specialist agencies/departments
- take ownership of actions and consequences
why are victims reluctant to speak
coercion and control;
fear,
perception that it would worsen the situation,
emotional tie to offender
lack of trust in police and other services
no confidence in a positive outcome.
partnerships and key partner agencies (Vulnerability)
Children's services adult services health/gp/hospitals/mental health education housing associations.
partnership working methods
Multi-agency safeguarding hubs (MASH)
Multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC)
single agency or joint investigations
strategic meetings/discussions
multi agency public protection arrangements (MAPPA)
Multi agency sexual exploitation meeting (MASE)
person and physical factors of vulnerability
Gender Age health sexuality physical abilities psychological abilities
social factors of vulnerability
Race class religion socio-economic status demographics role in relationships
environmental factors of vulnerability
Deprivation social isolation repeat victimisation language barriers lack of power coercive control housing adverse family circumstances.
how many stages of an initial risk assessment
3
what is the first stage of the risk assessment
Initial risk assessment
what information is there
what is the second stage of the risk assessment?
Risk analysis (what is the information telling us about the risk)
what is the 3rd stage of the risk assessment
risk management
what place can we put in to place to remove or mitigate the risk
what is controlling or coercive behaviour?
a range of acts to isolate the person from support.
to exploit them for their personal gain.
deprive them from independence
stop resistance and means to escape
control their every day behaviour
examples of coercive and controlling behaviour
constant criticism
humiliation
jealous or possessive behaviour
controlling finances.
what is a key factor in domestic homicide
coercive control
it must be recognised by officers
child sexual exploitation
form of child sexual abuse
individual or group takes advantage of theis to coerce, manipulate or deceive a child or young person into sexual activity.
can child sexual exploitation appear consensual
Yes
factors that can lead a child to child sexual exploitation
Previous abuse lack of stability at home loss/bereavement social isolation low on money being in care. no fixed abode etc
what year is the mental health act?
1983
whatc does the mental health act cover?
mental health assessments
treatment
rights of people with mental health disorder
what is S136 of mental health act 1983
taking a person who is suffering from a mental disorder in public to a place of safety for immediate care.
policing and crime act 2017
it is designed to improve outcomes for people in mental health crisis.
brought the changes of
where S136 can be used
place of safety
under 18s
duration of detention (24HR)
what is S135(1) of mental health act 1983
mental health practitioner makes an application.
a police constable can enter the premises accompanied by a mental health practitioner and doctor to remove the person to a place of safety.
what is S135(2) mental health act 1983
A mental health practitioner or police constable makes the application.
police constable can enter the premises to re-detain someone liable to be detained and remove to the relevant hospital.
what year was the mental capacity act
2005
what is the purpose of the mental capacity act?
to protect and empower people who lack the mental capacity to make decisions about their care and treatment.
- covers everyday things to serious life changing decisions.
- allows health professionals to assess the mental capacity of individual.
what year is the Care Act
2014
what is the overview of The Care Act
looks at a range of issues and protections for adults at risk.
sets out responsibilities for agencies
safeguards adults
police working with other professionals.
how many principles of safeguarding are there?
6
what are the principles of safeguarding?
- empowerment
- protection
- prevention
- proportionality
- partnerships
- accountability
what does The Children’s Act 1989 & 2004 achieve?
Provides a framework for the care and protection of children.
- agencies have a duty to safeguard upto age of 18
- duty to investigate when reasonable cause to suspect a child is suffering or likely to suffer significant harm.
Voice of the child.
the interests of the child and young people are paramount.
officers need to listen to what the child does and look how they act.
section 46 The Children Act 1989
police officer suspects a child would otherwise be likely to suffer significant harm he may
- remove the child to suitable accomodation and keep him there.
- prevent a child’s removal from hospital or other place where accomodated
what is controlling and coercive behaviour (section 76 - serious crime act 2015)
continuously engaging in behaviour with another person that is controlling and coercive.
- at the time of the behaviour both people are personally connected
- the person knows or ought to know that the behaviour would have a serious effect on the other.
is controlling and coercive behaviour summary or indictable offence?
Indictable
what is a barrier to reporting Domestic abuse?
- Embarrasment or shame of being a victim
- fear of retaliation
- Desire to maintain a normal family life
- fear that they wouldnt be believed
- lack of confidence in authorities
why do domestic abuse victims stay?
•Financial security • companionship • a home •Stability for children etc
what are the effects of domestic abuse on children.
Anxiety or depression
Physical symptoms e.g. stomach pain
Problems at school, including truanting
Decreased sense of self-worth
Older children may start to use alcohol or drugs
Start to self-harm
Children witnessing DA are being emotionally abused & are therefore at risk of ‘significant harm’.
Child cruelty (S1 children and young persons act 1933)
person aged 16+ who has responsibility for -14 or -16 who wilfully either:
Assaults/ill treats/neglects/abandons or Exposes the child in a manner likely to cause unnecessary suffering or injury to the child’s health.
what are some aggravating factors of domestic abuse
Alcohol or drugs misuse Mental illness age disability LGBTQ+
Clares law
make an application to see partners previous domestic abuse.
