VS.9 Flashcards
What significant change occurred in Virginia’s society during the twentieth century?
Virginia changed from a rural, agricultural society to a more urban, industrialized society.
What role did mechanization play in Virginia’s agriculture in the early 20th century?
Mechanization helped farmers move from working with animals and simpler tools to using machinery.
How did improvements in transportation impact Virginia’s agriculture?
Improvements in transportation changed farming and contributed to low crop prices.
What led to the growth of Virginia’s cities in the 20th century?
The growth of cities was driven by the migration of people from rural to urban areas in search of economic opportunities.
Which industries contributed to the growth of towns and cities in Virginia?
Industries like coal mining encouraged the growth of towns and cities.
What was a significant factor in the growth of Northern Virginia during the 20th century?
An increase in the number of federal government jobs located in that area.
What industry contributed to the growth of Northern Virginia and the Coastal Plain region in the late 20th and early 21st centuries?
The computer technology industry.
What demographic change occurred in Virginia as it became more urban and industrial?
Virginia’s population became more diverse with people moving from many other states and countries.
What major national event in 1920 affected women’s rights in Virginia?
The amendment of the United States Constitution to give women the right to vote (19th Amendment).
Who was Maggie L. Walker?
An African American leader from Virginia who supported equal rights for women.
What economic crisis affected Virginians during the 1930s?
The Great Depression.
What were the New Deal programs?
Programs established by the federal government to provide employment and ease hardships during the Great Depression.
What movement began to take shape in America after World War II?
The Civil Rights Movement.
Define segregation.
The separation of people, usually based on race or religion.
Define desegregation.
The legal end of racial segregation.
Define integration.
Full equality of people of all races in the use of public facilities and services.
What were the ‘Jim Crow’ laws?
Laws passed by southern states during Reconstruction that legally established the segregation of schools.
What did Barbara Johns lead in 1951?
A student strike against segregation.
What was the significance of the court case Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward?
It became one of the five cases reviewed by the U.S. Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education.
What was the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education?
‘Separate but equal’ public schools were ruled unconstitutional.
What policy did Virginia’s government establish in response to desegregation?
A policy of Massive Resistance.
What was the outcome of the policy of Massive Resistance in Virginia?
It ultimately failed, and Virginia’s public schools were integrated.
Who was Maggie L. Walker?
The first African American woman in the United States to establish a bank and become a bank president.
What was Harry F. Byrd, Sr.’s role in Virginia?
A governor known for a ‘pay-as-you-go’ policy for road improvements and modernizing the Virginia state government.
