Voting Systems

Question 1

How first past the post works

Answer 1

The uk is split into 650 constituencies.
Electors cast their vote for one candidate in single member constituencies.
The winner needs only achieve a plurality of votes in their constituency.
To have a majority in parliament a party needs 326mps outve 650 to have a majority

Question 2

Advantages of first past the post

Answer 2

It creates stability and strong governments able to make coherent decisions,yet retain flexibility to adapt to changing circumstances.
MPs have a close relationship with constituencies.
It is simple and easy to operate
It is quick to produce a result
Fptp keeps out smaller and extremist parties by discriminating against them

Question 3

Disadvantages of first past the post

Answer 3

Fptp discriminates in favour of the two main parties so government is unrepresentative.
Votes are wasted on loosing candidates so not everyone’s vote counts.
Most mps do not represent the majority of their constituencies
Electronic voting means speed is overrated.
Discriminates against smaller parties

Question 4

Where is first past the post used

Answer 4

Electing the Westminster parliament

Also used for local government in England and Wales

Question 5

Where is supplemtary voting used

Answer 5

Used to elect London mayor
As well as crime commissioners

It is a majoritarian system

Question 6

Majoritarian electoral system

Answer 6

Parties can gain a majority of seats without obtaining a majority of votes cast
This type of representation often ensures that one party obtains a majority of seats in legislature.
It is associated with strong single party government as it tends to give a “winners bonus “ to the party with the most seats