Volcanoes - Effects And Responses

Question 1

what are the primary effects of volcanoes in terms of infrastucture

Answer 1

• buildings and roads are destroyed by lava flows and pyroclastic flows
• buildings may also collapse if there is enough ash on them

Question 2

what are the primary effects of volcanoes in terms of endangered lives

Answer 2

people and animals are injured or killed by pyroclasitc flows, lava and falling rocks

Question 3

what are the primary effects of volcanoes in terms of damaging or resources

Answer 3

• crops are damaged

- and water supplies are contaminated when ash falls on them

Question 4

what are the primary effects of volcanoes in terms of health and safety

Answer 4

people, animals and plants are suffocated by volcanic gases

Question 5

what are the secondary effects of volcanoes in terms of environmental damages

Answer 5

• mudflows and landslides cause more destruction, death and injury
• rock and ash clog up rivers and dams making flooding worse

Question 6

how do mudflows or lahars form

Answer 6

• when volcanic material mixes with water

- like from heavy rainfall or snow melt

Question 7

how can flooding be caused from a volcanic eruption

Answer 7

• flooding can be caused by hot rock, ash and gas

- melting ice and snow on the volcano

Question 8

what are the secondary effects of volcanoes in terms of transport and shelter

Answer 8

• transport networks are blocked or destroyed
• so aid can emergency services cant get through and trade is difficult
• people are left homeless by destroyed homes

Question 9

what are the secondary effects of volcanoes in terms of the economy

Answer 9

• damaged or destroyed businesses cause unemployment or loss of income
• tourism can be disrupted straight after an eruption
• but often it can increase afterwards with tourists interested in seeing volcanoes

Question 10

what is a positive secondary effect that comes with a volcanic eruption

Answer 10

• the ash makes fields more fertile once its broken down

- so food can be quickly grown in response to shortages

Question 11

what is an immediate response to volcanoes in terms of evacuation

Answer 11

• if the eruption was predicted, people will be evacuated
• or they will be evacuated as soon as the eruption begins
• food and water will be supplied to the evacuated people

Question 12

what is an immediate response to volcanoes in terms of treatment and rescue

Answer 12

• treat people injured from the eruption by falling debris or ash inhalation
• rescue anyone cut off by damage to roads or bridges

Question 13

what is an immediate response to volcanoes in terms of aid

Answer 13

• foreign governments or charities may send aid workers

- others such as supplies, equipment or financial donations to the areas affected

Question 14

what is a long term response to volcanoes in terms of rebuilding

Answer 14

• repair and rebuild if possible

- or resettle affected people elsewhere

Question 15

what is a long term response to volcanoes in terms of infrastructure

Answer 15

• repair and reconnect infrastructure

- such as roads, rail, power lines ans communication networks

Question 16

what us a long term response to volcanoes in terms of the economy

Answer 16

• boost the economy if possible

- like by attracting tourists to see the volcano and its effects