Volcanoes and Earthquakes

Question 1

What is a volcano?

Answer 1

• It is a natural geological formation
• occurs when there Is a rupture in weak areas of the lithosphere releasing hot material to the surface

Question 2

What are volcanoes formed by?

Answer 2

1. tectonic plate boundaries
2. Hot spots

Question 3

What type of boundaries create volcanoes

Answer 3

• Constructive (divergent)
• destructive (converging)

Question 4

What are the parts of a volcano?

Answer 4

Magma Chamber, main vent, crater

Question 5

What is an effusive eruption?

Answer 5

• gentle flow of lava down the sides of the volcano

Question 6

Average speed and temperature of the lava flow (effusive eruptions)

Answer 6

1km/hr-10km/hr
700-1,200 degree Celsius

Question 7

What is an explosive eruption?

Answer 7

gas-rich magma is violently expelled

Question 8

what do explosive eruptions cause

Answer 8

• ash clouds
• pyroclastic flow

Question 9

ash clouds contain ?

Answer 9

contains:
- ash (tiny rock and mineral fragments)
- volcanic glass
- sulfur dioxide
- water vapor

Question 10

what is a pyroclastic flow

Answer 10

a mixture of hot gas, ash, and volcanic rocks that can flow at very high speeds

Question 11

What is the average speed of pyroclastic flow and temperature?

Answer 11

100km/hr
200-700 degrees Celsius

Question 12

What is an earthquake?

Answer 12

an earthquake is a natural geological event which is caused by the sudden release of energy (seismic waves)