VOLCANOES Flashcards
Quiz
Volcano comes from the italian word _____ which means burning mountain and ____ which means God of Fire.
Vulcano and Vulcan
It is a Vent, hill, or mountain that erupts, releasing molten rocks, rock fragments, and gaseous materials onto Earth’s surface.
Volcano
It is where magma passes through from the magma chamber to reach Earth’s surface.
Main Vent
This is a large reservoir that stores molten rock (magma) prior to eruption.
Magma Chamber
It is a bowl-shaped depression produced by volcanic activity and explosion.
Crater
This is the stream of molten rock flowing out of the crater.
Lava Flow
This is an alternative smaller outlet where magma escapes to reach Earth’s surface.
Secondary Vent
This is formed when lava and ashes escape from smaller vents; it is also known as a parasitic cones.
Secondary Cone
It is formed when thick volcanic ashes are discharged into the atmosphere caused by violent explosion or eruption of the volcano.
Ash Cloud
It is a mixture or rocks, minerals, and glass particles expelled during a volcanic eruption.
Ash
Enumerate the Anatomy of a Volcano
Main Vent
Magma Chamber
Crater
Lava Flow
Secondary Vent
Secondary Cone
Ash Cloud
Ash
These are formed from pyroclastic fragments and volcanic ashes that form and solidify around the main vent to form a cone, which can be either circular or oval.
Cinder Cone
These are typically symmetrical cones that are steep and may rise as high as 2 400 meters (about 8000 feet) from the ground. It is also known as ____
Composite Volcano and Stratovolcano
These are formed from non-acidic basaltic lava flows of high viscosity producing broad sloping sides and shield-like structures.
Shield Volcanoes
Enumerate the types of Volcanoes according to Shape
Cinder Cone
Composite or Stratovolcano
Shield Volcano
These volcanoes have erupted during historical times, they have erupted at least once in the past 10,000 years based on the analysis of materials from volcanic deposits.
Active Volcano
These volcanoes are active but not erupting; however, they are expected to erupt anytime soon.
Dormant Volcano
These volcanoes have not had any eruption in the past 10,000 years and are expected not to erupt anymore in the future.
Extinct Volcano
Enumerate the types of Volcanoes According to Eruption
Active
Dormant
Extinct
How many active volcanoes are there in the Philippines?
24 Active Volcanoes
This Phase of a Volcanic Eruption is where the magma chamber is being led with magma, an increase in seismic activity and steam smoke coming out from the volcano can be observed.
Preparation Phase
This Phase of a Volcanic Eruption is where the pressure will start to build up inside the magma chamber and the energy starts to increase for eruption.
Eruption Phase
This Phase of a Volcanic Eruption is where the magma chamber is now empty, which may trigger the walls of the conduit to weaken and to collapse into a crater or a caldera.
Ending Phase
Enumerate the Phases of a Volcanic Eruption.
Preparation phase
Eruption Phase
Ending Phase
Volcanic Eruptions can be classified into two, what are them?
Effusive and Explosive Eruption.
It involves the outpouring of basaltic magma that is relatively low in viscosity and low in gas content.
Effusive Eruption
It involves magma of high viscosity and high gas content.
Explosive Eruption
Enumerate the types of Volcanic Eruptions
Hawaiian
Strombolian
Vulcanian
Plinian
Phreatic
Phreatomagmatic
fluid basaltic lava is thrown into the air, creating a lava fountain or lava flows. The lava flows create gentle slopes, which then form shield volcanoes that are usually large or covers a large area.
Hawaiian
There is a burst of glowing lava due to the bursting of gas bubbles at the vents of the volcano. This eruption creates eruptive products such as ___ and ___.
Strombolian
Scoria and Lava Bombs.
The eruption is short, explosive, and violent. This happens when the pressure is enough to blow off the overlying layer of of solidified sol lava over the entrapped gases in magma.
Vulcanian
It is the most violent among all types of volcanic eruptions. It releases huge amounts of gases and ashes at great speeds. These eruptions are usually destructive to land and property.
Plinian
It is a steam-driven explosion. When magma heats the surface or ground water, the water begins to boil or directly produce steam that causes the explosion. These eruptions often precede or accompany another type of volcanic eruption.
Phreatic
It involves the eruption of magma that reacts to external water; the interaction between magma and water results in an explosion that releases steam and pyroclastic fragments into Earth’s surface.
Phreatomagmatic
Enumerate the Pyroclastic Materials
Volcanic Bombs
Volcanic Ash
Lapilli
Volcanic Blocks
