Volcanoes

Question 1

A vent, hill, or mountain that erupts, releasing molten rocks, rock fragments
And gaseous materials onto Earth’s surface

Answer 1

Volcano

Question 2

“burning mountain”

Answer 2

vulcano

Question 3

where magma passes through from the magma chamber to reach Earth’s surface

Answer 3

Main vent

Question 4

a large reservoir that stores molten rock (magma) prior to eruption

Answer 4

magma chamber

Question 5

bowl shaped depression produced by volcanic activity and explosion

Answer 5

Crater

Question 6

the stream of molten rock flowing out of the crater

Answer 6

lava flow

Question 7

an alternative smaller outlet where magma escapes to reach Earth’s surface

Answer 7

secondary vent

Question 8

formed when lava and ashes escape from smaller vents; it is also known as a parasitic cones

Answer 8

secondary cone

Question 9

formed when thick volcanic ashes are discharged into the atmosphere caused by violent explosion or eruption of the volcano

Answer 9

ash cloud

Question 10

mixture or rocks, minerals, and glass particles expelled during a volcanic eruption

Answer 10

ash

Question 11

volcanoes are formed from pyroclastic fragments and volcanic ashes that form and solidify around the main vent to form a cone, which can be either circular or oval

Answer 11

Cinder cone

Question 12

typically symmetrical cones that are steep and may rise as high as 2400 meters (about 8000 feet) from the ground

Answer 12

Composite/Stratovolcanoes

Question 13

volcanoes are formed from non-acidic basaltic lava flows of high viscosity producing broad sloping sides and shield like structures

Answer 13

shield volcanoes

Question 14

in this phase, the magma chamber is being filled with magma

Answer 14

Preparation phase

Question 15

in this phase, pressure will start to build up inside the magma chamber and the energy starts to increase for eruption

Answer 15

eruption phase

Question 16

after the eruption, the magma chamber is now empty which may trigger the walls of the conduit to weaken and to collapse into a crater or a caldera

Answer 16

ending phase

Question 17

refers to magma that has been expelled onto Earth’s surface

Answer 17

lava

Question 18

2 types of volcanic eruptions?

Answer 18

effusive and explosive eruptions

Question 19

involve the outpouring of basaltic magma that is relatively low in viscosity and low in gas content

Answer 19

Effusive eruptions

Question 20

involve magma of high viscosity and high gas content

Answer 20

explosive eruptions

Question 21

fluid basaltic lava is thrown into the air, creating a lava fountain or lava flows

Answer 21

hawaiian

Question 22

there is a burst of glowing lava due to the bursting of gas bubbles at the vents of the volcano, this eruption creates eruptive products such as scoria & lava bombs

Answer 22

strombolian

Question 23

the eruption is short, explosive, and violent

Answer 23

vulcanian

Question 24

this eruption is the most violent among all types of volcanic eruptions, releases huge amounts of gases and ashes at great speeds

Answer 24

plinian

Question 25

a steam driven explosion

Answer 25

phreatic

Question 26

involves the eruption of magma that reacts to external water; the interaction between magma and water results in an explosion that releases steam and pyroclastic fragments into Earth’s surface

Answer 26

phreatomagmatic

Question 27

refers to pyroclastic materials and rock fragments that are being expelled during volcanic eruptions

Answer 27

tephra