Volcano Flashcards
Natural opening in the Earth’s surface
Volcano
Funnel shaped depression at the top of a volcano formed as a result of a explosion
Crater
Part of a wall of the crater collapses
Caldera
Molten rocks inside the earth
Magma
Magma that has been ejected out of a volcano
Lava
3 types of volcano according to its shape
Shield volcano, cinder cone volcano and composite volcano
Broad slightly doomed structure type of volcano
Shield volcano
Steep, slope, wide crater and most abundant type of volcano
Cinder cone volcano
Large and nearly perfect slope structure
Composite volcano
5 type of volcano according to its erruption
Preatic or hydrothermal, phreatomagmatic, strombolian, vulcanian and plinian
Stream driven eruption as the hot rocks come in contact with water
Phreatic or hydrothermal
Stream driven eruption as the hot rocks come in contact with water
Phreatic or hydrothermal
Violent eruption due to the contact between water and magma
Phreatomagmatic
Weak to violent eruption characterized by a fountain lava
Strombolian
Tall eruption that reach up to 25 km high with pyroclastic flow and ashfall tephra
Vulcanian
Excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastics
Plinian
Volcano that has had at least one record of eruption during the past 10,000 years
Active volcano
An active volcano that is not erupting but supposed to erupt again
Dormant volcano
They are also called extinct or sleeping volcanoes could erupt but has not erupt for more than 10,000 years
Inactive volcano
Can push through holes or cracks in the crust causing volcanic eruption
Magma
When blank is ejected out of the volcano it is called blank when it cools and solidified it is called blank rocks
Magma. lava and igneous
Fixed places within the mantle are oceanic lithosphere where rocks melt to generate magma
Hotspots
What is the process of volcanic eruption
Magma inside the volcano has a high temperature as the magma continues heated it goes off the gas bubbles are trapped and expand causing the molten materials to swell also resulting in a gradual increase in pressure within the volcano
Geothermal energy is generated in two ways
Geothermal power plant, geothermal heat pumps
It promotes the heat from the fluid in the earth’s connection, concentrates it, and then transfer it to the building
Geothermal heat pumps
It is where heat from within the earth changes water into steam (water in the gas phase) which turns steam turbines the generate electricity
Geothermal power plants
What are the steps to generate in the geothermal power plant
First hot water second steam third turbine and generator 4 cooling tower 5 injection well
