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Volcano > Volcano > Flashcards

Volcano Flashcards

1
Q

A landform that forms when magma rises from the Earth’s crust and erupts.

A

Volcano

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2
Q

An underground reservoir that collects and supplies magma during eruptions.

A

Magma Chamber

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3
Q

Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface, containing dissolved gases and crystals.

A

Magma

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4
Q

The opening through which magma, gases, and ash escape to the surface.

A

Vent

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5
Q

The pathway that magma follows to reach the surface.

A

Conduit

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6
Q

A circular depression at the top of a volcano that surrounds the main vent.

A

Crater

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7
Q

Magma that has reached the Earth’s surface and solidifies when exposed to air.

A

Lava

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8
Q

A large, basin-shaped depression formed when the summit collapses after an eruption.

A

Caldera

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9
Q

An eruption characterized by a slow, steady flow of lava from the vent.

A

Effusive

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10
Q

An eruption involving rapid release of gas, ash, and a violent blast.

A

Explosive

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11
Q

An eruption caused by magma interacting with groundwater, releasing steam and ash.

A

Phreatic

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12
Q

Type of gas content that causes explosive eruptions.

A

High Gas Content

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13
Q

Type of gas content that causes effusive eruptions.

A

Low Gas Content

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14
Q

Name 3 kinds of eruptions

A

explosive, phreatic, high gas content, and low gas content

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15
Q

A cone-shaped volcano formed by layers of lava and ash.

A

Composite Volcano

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16
Q

A broad, gently sloping volcano formed by highly fluid lava flows.

A

Shield Volcano

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17
Q

The simplest type of volcano with a narrow base and steep slopes, formed by cinders.

A

Cinder Cone

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18
Q

Name all 3 types of volcanoes

A

Cinder cone Shield volcano composite volcano

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19
Q
  1. Area where tectonic plates move, and volcanoes usually form.
A

Plate Boundaries

20
Q

Plate boundary where plates move apart, allowing magma to rise from the mantle and create volcanoes.

A

Divergent Boundary

21
Q

Plate boundary where plates collide, causing intense heat and pressure that melt parts of the plate to create magma.

A

Convergent Boundary

22
Q

Increased seismic activity that often occurs before a volcanic eruption.

A

Seismicity

23
Q

Release of gases like sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide before an eruption.

A

Gas Emissions

24
Q

Changes in ground elevation or tilt indicating magma movement.

A

Ground Deformation

25
Q

Increased heat flow that suggests magma is rising.

A

Thermal Monitoring

26
Q

Magma rises because it is less dense than the surrounding rock.

A

Buoyancy

27
Q

Tools used to track volcanic activity, such as seismometers, gas detectors, and GPS.

A

Monitoring

28
Q

Studying volcanoes to learn about Earth’s internal processes and develop risk mitigation strategies.

A

Research

29
Q

Process of using monitoring data to understand volcanic behavior and warn people about potential hazards.

A

Prediction

30
Q

When magma rises from the mantle and gets stored in the magma chamber, building up pressure.

A

Pressure Build-up

31
Q

Expansion of dissolved gases in magma (like water vapor) as pressure decreases.

A

Gas Expansion

32
Q

Pressure fractures surrounding rock, creating pathways for eruption.

A

Fractures

33
Q

Dissolved gases in magma expand as pressure increases, making eruptions stronger.

A

Gases

34
Q

Natural events such as earthquakes, tectonic movements, or changes in surrounding rocks that trigger eruptions.

A

Triggers

35
Q

Fine-grained rock fragments ejected into the atmosphere during an eruption, causing respiratory problems and infrastructure damage.

A

Ash

36
Q

streams of molten rock that destroy everything in their path, with speed and distance depending on viscosity.

A

Lava Flows

37
Q

Fast-moving mixtures of hot gas and volcanic debris that can travel over 100 km/h.

A

Pyroclastic Density Currents

38
Q

Volcanic hazard that disrupts transportation, agriculture, and power systems by depositing fine ash.

A

Ashfall

39
Q

Orders issued to move people out of an area when an eruption is imminent.

A

Evacuation Orders

40
Q

Designated safe locations with essential supplies for people to evacuate to.

A

Emergency Shelters

41
Q

Teams of trained professionals who handle evacuations and rescue operations during volcanic emergencies.

A

Emergency Response Teams

42
Q

Codes that ensure structures are built to withstand volcanic hazards like ash and lava.

A

Building Codes

43
Q

Clearly marked pathways to help people evacuate safely during volcanic emergencies.

A

Evacuation Routes

44
Q

Systems used to share information and warnings about volcanic activity.

A

Communication Systems

45
Q

Educating the public about volcanic hazards and how to prepare for emergencies.

A

Public Awareness

46
Q

Preparations such as having an emergency plan, knowing evacuation routes, and keeping a go-kit with essential supplies.

A

Volcanic Eruption Preparedness

Volcano (1 decks)

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