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Geography Term 3 > Volcano > Flashcards

Volcano Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a volcano

A

A volcano is an opening or vent in the surface through which molten material erupts and solidifies as lava

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2
Q

Main vent

A

The pipe up the middle of the volcano

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3
Q

Magma chamber

A

Source of the molten rock

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4
Q

Crater

A

The depression at the top of the vent

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5
Q

Parasitic cone

A

Secondary cone forming on the side of a volcano

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6
Q

Volcanic bombs

A

Airborne material from the volcano

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7
Q

Active volcano meaning

A

Recently erupted expected to happen again

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8
Q

Dormant volcano

A

Hasn’t erupted for years but still could erupt

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9
Q

Extinct volcano

A

Has not had an eruption for atleast 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again

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10
Q

What is a composite volcano

A

These are volcanies with alternate layers of lava and ash

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11
Q

Shield volcano

A

These are volcanoes with gently sloping sides formed by basaltic lava

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12
Q

Composite volcano lava

A

Highly viscous

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13
Q

Shield volcano lava

A

Low viscosity

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14
Q

How does lava effect shape of volcano (composite)

A

The thicker (highly viscous) lava creates a steep gradient

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15
Q

How does lava effect shape of volcano (shield)

A

The thinner (low viscous) lava leads to a smoother ans gentle gradient

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16
Q

What can you measure volcanic eruptions with

A

Vei - volcanic explosivity index

17
Q

What is a hot spot

A

An area of extreme localised heat within the mantle

18
Q

Hot spot examples

A

Indonesia and hawaii

19
Q

Volcano case study is on

A

Mount ontake

20
Q

Mount ontake background facts

A

Age - 100,000 years old
Eruption - september 27,2014
Type - composite volcano;inactive
Vei - 3

21
Q

Causes of mount ontake

A

Caused by the Amounts of pressure within the magma chamber

22
Q

Consequences of mount ontake

A

Death toll - 57
Buildings - covered in ash

23
Q

Responses to mount ontake

A

Public awareness
Volcanic disaster risk and management increase

24
Q

Why live near volcanoes

A

Environmental - Agriculture - fertile land/minerals from lava
Economic - tourism,geothermal energy
Social - cultural and religious reasons; schooling

25
Q

Volcanic hazards

A

.

Geography Term 3 (3 decks)

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