Volatiles Flashcards
1
Q
Loss of conciousness
A
- Inhibitory transmission of GABA in the brain; especially in the Reticular Activating System (RAS)
- Potentiation of Glycine activation in brainstem
2
Q
Spinal cord mediated immobility
A
- Depresses AMPA & NMDA (glutamate receptors)
- Enhances inhibitory glycine receptors
- Act on Na channels to block presynaptic release of glutamate
3
Q
Increase MAC
A
- Hyperthermia
- Excess pheomelanin production
- Drug-induced increase in catecholamine levels
- Hypernatremia
- Age
4
Q
Decrease MAC
A
- Hypothermia
- Preop medication, intraoperative opioids
- Alpha-2 agonists
- Acute alcohol ingestion
- Pregnancy
- Post partum (12-72)
- Lidocaine
- PaO2 <38 mmHg
- MAP <40 mmHg
- Cardiopulmonary bypass
- Hyponatremia
5
Q
No change in MAC
A
- Chronic alcohol abuse
- Gender
- Duration of anesthesia
- PaCO2 15-95 mmHg
- PaO2 >38 mmHg
- BP >40 mmHg
- Hyper/ hypokalemia
- Thyroid gland dysfunction
