Vol 1 Part 1: Intro to Networking Flashcards
Which of the following are layer 4 protocols? A. Ethernet B. HTTP C. TCP D. IP
C. TCP
What are the 5 layers of the TCP/IP Model?
Layer 1: Physical Layer 2: Data link Layer 3: Network (Also called Internet) Layer 4: Transport Layer 5: Application
What are the names of the units at each layer in the TCP/IP Model?
Layer 1: Bits Layer 2: Frames Layer 3: Packets Layer 4: Segments Layer 5: Data
What protocol operates at layer 1 and layer 2?
Ethernet (802.3) and Wi-Fi (802.11)
What protocol operates at layer 3?
IP and ICMP
What protocol operates at layer 4?
TCP/UDP
What protocol operates at layer 5?
HTTP
Error recovery operates at what layer?
Layer 3, network layer
Error detection operates at what layer?
Layer 2, data link layer
With TCP, what is used to conduct error recovery?
Sequences (SEQ) and Acknowledgements (ACK)
With HTTP, what message does the client send to the server, and what message does the server then send back to the client?
GET followed by OK
What is utilized from the frame to conduct error detection?
The Frame Check Sequence (FCS)
What are the three components of the frame?
header, data, trailer
The process of HTTP asking TCP to send some data and making sure it is received correctly is referred to as what kind of interaction?
Adjacent layer interaction
The process of a web server adding a TCP header to the contents of a web page, followed by ading an IP header, and then adding a data-link header and trailer, is an example of what?
Data encapsulation
Ethernet cables are twisted in order to reduce what?
Electromagnetic interference and crosstalk on the cable.
A straight through cable utilizes what pins?
1, 2, 3, and 6
What pins are flipped on a cross over cable?
white-orange with white-green, and orange with green
A straight through cable is used when connecting what type of devices?
Dissimilar devices (computer to a hub or a switch)
A crossover cable is used when connecting what type of devices?
Similar (switch to switch, computer to computer)
1000BASE-LX is what kind of cable, and how do you know?
Fiber. The X indicates it is a fiber cable.
What is the difference between multimode and singlemode fiber?
Multimode is faster but travels a smaller distance (500m), singlemode is slower but can travel a much further distance (40km)
What is the minimum and maximum allowed size of data within a frame?
46 bytes and 1500 byes
A frame larger than 1518 bytes but smaller than 1600 bytes is known as a what?
Baby giant
What does the type refer to within a frame?
IPv4 vs IPv6
Where in the frame is the FCS located?
The trailer
How many bits are in a MAC address, what kind of characters are used, and explain the different parts of the address?
48bits/6bytes. 12 characters in Hexadecimal. The first 24 bits are the Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI) and reveal who made the device. The last 24 bits are vendor assigned.
What is the difference between full duplex and half duplex?
Full duplex allows a device to send and receive at the same time. Half duplex limits the device to doing one at a time.
What type of leased line transmits data at 1.544 megabits per second?
T1
What are the two types of serial WAN link proocols, and who uses them?
HLDC and PPP. HLDC is Cisco proprietary while PPP is vendor neutral and used more often than HLDC.
Routers act as the what for host devices? Hint, it is known as the default router…
Gateway
What dos the Domain Name System (DNS) do?
Resolves names into IP addresses (ie. www.google.com into 8.8.8.8)
What does the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) do?
Resolves IP addresses into MAC addresses.
At what layer does the Ping and ICMP Echo operate at?
Layer 3
What kind of connector is used for modern networks to allow different ethernet connectors such as fiber?
SFP+
What part of the fiber cable is responsible for reflecting the light source?
Cladding
A hub operates at layer 1 and transmits data in what duplex mode?
Half duplex
True or False: Routers must be configured to learn every possible route, including its own connections?
FALSE
What happens to a packet when a host attempts to send a packet to a destination IP address is located in a different subnet?
The packet is sent to the default gateway where the router then sends the packet to the appropriate subnet using its routing table.
How does ARP work?
The router sends a broadcast to all devices on the subnet to find the MAC address. If the MAC address is found, then the switch sends an ARP reply to the router stating the original IP address and the matching MAC. This information is then stored in the ARP table.
What field do Cisco routers add into the HDLC header?
Type
Which protocol requires a PC to learn information from some other server device?
DNS
